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Urban mobility is not only one of the pillars of modern economic systems, but also a key issue in the quest for equality of opportunity, once it can improve access to other services. Currently, however, there are a number of negative issues related to traffic, especially in mega-cities, such as economical issues (cost of opportunity caused by delays), environmental (externalities related to emissions of pollutants), and social (traffic accidents). Solutions to these issues are more and more closely tied to information and communication technology. Indeed, a search in the technical literature (using the keyword ``urban traffic" to filter out articles on data network traffic) retrieved the following number of articles (as of December 3, 2013): 9,443 (ACM Digital Library), 26,054 (Scopus), and 1,730,000 (Google Scholar). Moreover, articles listed in the ACM query relate to conferences as diverse as MobiCom, CHI, PADS, and AAMAS. This means that there is a big and diverse community of computer scientists and computer engineers who tackle research that is connected to the development of intelligent traffic and transportation systems. It is also possible to see that this community is growing, and that research projects are getting more and more interdisciplinary. To foster the cooperation among the involved communities, this book aims at giving a broad introduction into the basic but relevant concepts related to transportation systems, targeting researchers and practitioners from computer science and information technology. In addition, the second part of the book gives a panorama of some of the most exciting and newest technologies, originating in computer science and computer engineering, that are now being employed in projects related to car-to-car communication, interconnected vehicles, car navigation, platooning, crowd sensing and sensor networks, among others. This material will also be of interest to engineers and researchers from the traffic and transportation community.
This textbook provides the reader with an essential understanding of computational methods for intelligent systems. These are defined as systems that can solve problems autonomously, in particular problems where algorithmic solutions are inconceivable for humans or not practically executable by computers. Despite the rapidly growing applications in this field, the book avoids application details, instead focusing on computational methods that equip the reader with the methodological tools and competencies necessary to tackle current and future complex applications. The book consists of two parts: computational intelligence methods for optimization, and machine learning. Part I begins with the concept of optimization, and introduces local search algorithms, genetic algorithms, and particle swarm optimization. Part II begins with an introduction to machine learning and covers several methods, many of which can be used as supervised learning algorithms, such as decision tree learning, artificial neural networks, genetic programming, Bayesian learning, support vector machines, and ensemble methods, plus a discussion of unsupervised learning. This textbook is written in a self-contained style, suitable for undergraduate or graduate students in computer science and engineering, and for self-study by researchers and practitioners.
Intelligent computing refers greatly to artificial intelligence with the aim at making computer to act as a human. This newly developed area of real-time intelligent computing integrates the aspect of dynamic environments with the human intelligence. This book presents a comprehensive practical and easy to read account which describes current state-of-the art in designing and implementing real-time intelligent computing to robotics, alert systems, IoT, remote access control, multi-agent systems, networking, mobile smart systems, crowd sourcing, broadband systems, cloud computing, streaming data and many other applications areas. The solutions discussed in this book will encourage the researchers and IT professional to put the methods into their practice.
Artificial Intelligence presents a practical guide to AI, including agents, machine learning and problem-solving simple and complex domains.
Keeping the maths to a minimum, Negnevitsky explains the principles of AI, demonstrates how systems are built, what they are useful for and how to choose the right tool for the job.
Lifelong Machine Learning, Second Edition is an introduction to an advanced machine learning paradigm that continuously learns by accumulating past knowledge that it then uses in future learning and problem solving. In contrast, the current dominant machine learning paradigm learns in isolation: given a training dataset, it runs a machine learning algorithm on the dataset to produce a model that is then used in its intended application. It makes no attempt to retain the learned knowledge and use it in subsequent learning. Unlike this isolated system, humans learn effectively with only a few examples precisely because our learning is very knowledge-driven: the knowledge learned in the past helps us learn new things with little data or effort. Lifelong learning aims to emulate this capability, because without it, an AI system cannot be considered truly intelligent. Research in lifelong learning has developed significantly in the relatively short time since the first edition of this book was published. The purpose of this second edition is to expand the definition of lifelong learning, update the content of several chapters, and add a new chapter about continual learning in deep neural networks—which has been actively researched over the past two or three years. A few chapters have also been reorganized to make each of them more coherent for the reader. Moreover, the authors want to propose a unified framework for the research area. Currently, there are several research topics in machine learning that are closely related to lifelong learning—most notably, multi-task learning, transfer learning, and meta-learning—because they also employ the idea of knowledge sharing and transfer. This book brings all these topics under one roof and discusses their similarities and differences. Its goal is to introduce this emerging machine learning paradigm and present a comprehensive survey and review of the important research results and latest ideas in the area. This book is thus suitable for students, researchers, and practitioners who are interested in machine learning, data mining, natural language processing, or pattern recognition. Lecturers can readily use the book for courses in any of these related fields.
Multiagent systems is an expanding field that blends classical fields like game theory and decentralized control with modern fields like computer science and machine learning. This monograph provides a concise introduction to the subject, covering the theoretical foundations as well as more recent developments in a coherent and readable manner. The text is centered on the concept of an agent as decision maker. Chapter 1 is a short introduction to the field of multiagent systems. Chapter 2 covers the basic theory of singleagent decision making under uncertainty. Chapter 3 is a brief introduction to game theory, explaining classical concepts like Nash equilibrium. Chapter 4 deals with the fundamental problem of coordinating a team of collaborative agents. Chapter 5 studies the problem of multiagent reasoning and decision making under partial observability. Chapter 6 focuses on the design of protocols that are stable against manipulations by self-interested agents. Chapter 7 provides a short introduction to the rapidly expanding field of multiagent reinforcement learning. The material can be used for teaching a half-semester course on multiagent systems covering, roughly, one chapter per lecture.
Produce a fully functioning Intelligent System that leverages machine learning and data from user interactions to improve over time and achieve success. This book teaches you how to build an Intelligent System from end to end and leverage machine learning in practice. You will understand how to apply your existing skills in software engineering, data science, machine learning, management, and program management to produce working systems. Building Intelligent Systems is based on more than a decade of experience building Internet-scale Intelligent Systems that have hundreds of millions of user interactions per day in some of the largest and most important software systems in the world. What You’ll Learn Understand the concept of an Intelligent System: What it is good for, when you need one, and how to set it up for success Design an intelligent user experience: Produce data to help make the Intelligent System better over time Implement an Intelligent System: Execute, manage, and measure Intelligent Systems in practice Create intelligence: Use different approaches, including machine learning Orchestrate an Intelligent System: Bring the parts together throughout its life cycle and achieve the impact you want Who This Book Is For Software engineers, machine learning practitioners, and technical managers who want to build effective intelligent systems
This volume contains the proceedings of the Eighth Austrian Artificial Intelligence Conference, held in Linz, Austria, in June 1993. The focus of the conference was on "Fuzzy Logic in Artificial Intelligence". The volume contains abstracts of two invited talks and full versions of 17 carefully selected papers. The invited talks were: "The role of fuzzylogic and soft computing in the conception and design of intelligent systems" by Lotfi A. Zadeh, and "A contextual approach for AI systems development" by Irina V. Ezhkova. The contributed papers are grouped into sections on theoretical issues, machine learning, expert systems, robotics and control, applications to medicine, and applications to car driving. Additionally, the volume contains descriptions of the four workshops that took place during the conference.
Information theory and inference, taught together in this exciting textbook, lie at the heart of many important areas of modern technology - communication, signal processing, data mining, machine learning, pattern recognition, computational neuroscience, bioinformatics and cryptography. The book introduces theory in tandem with applications. Information theory is taught alongside practical communication systems such as arithmetic coding for data compression and sparse-graph codes for error-correction. Inference techniques, including message-passing algorithms, Monte Carlo methods and variational approximations, are developed alongside applications to clustering, convolutional codes, independent component analysis, and neural networks. Uniquely, the book covers state-of-the-art error-correcting codes, including low-density-parity-check codes, turbo codes, and digital fountain codes - the twenty-first-century standards for satellite communications, disk drives, and data broadcast. Richly illustrated, filled with worked examples and over 400 exercises, some with detailed solutions, the book is ideal for self-learning, and for undergraduate or graduate courses. It also provides an unparalleled entry point for professionals in areas as diverse as computational biology, financial engineering and machine learning.