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For seven years, Tobin reported on the Endangered Species Act. He crisscrossed the Southwest in search of wildlife driven to the brink. This region, with its unique and complex issues provides a snapshot of issues facing endangered species.
The privatization of water supply and wastewater systems, together with institutional restructuring of governance – through decentralization and the penetration of global firms in local and regional markets – have been promoted as solutions to increase economic efficiency and achieve universal water supply and sanitation coverage. Yet a significant share of service provision and water resources development remains the responsibility of public authorities. The chapters in this book – with case evidence from Argentina, Chile, France, the USA, and other countries – address critical questions that dominate the international agenda on public versus private utilities, service provision, regulations, and resource development. This book presents varied perspectives – largely complementary but at times contrasting – on public and private governance of water. Public authority in general is being reasserted over service provision, while resource development and investments in infrastructure continue as a mix of public and private initiatives. But more important, increased oversight and regulation of market-based initiatives that until recently were touted as panaceas for water supply and sanitation are increasingly being reconsidered on the basis of social equity, environmental, and public health concerns. This book was based on the special issue of Water International.
The United States repeatedly experiences floods along the Midwest's large rivers and droughts in the arid Western States that cause traumatic environmental disasters with huge economic impact. These problems can be alleviated with an integrated approach and comprehensive solution. Withdrawing flood water from the Mississippi River and its tributaries will mitigate the damage of flooding and provide a new resource of fresh water to the Western States. The existence of a trend of increasing heavy precipitation and flooding on the Midwest's Rivers is supported by a growing body of scientific literature that documents the effects of climate change since 1993. Flooding in Iowa, North Dakota, Tennessee, Arkansas and along the Mississippi River from 1993 to 2010 are prime examples. The Colorado River Basin and the western states are experiencing a protracted multi-year drought. Fresh water can be pumped via pipelines and aqueducts from areas of overabundance/flood to areas of drought or high demand. Calculations document 10 to 60 million acre feet (maf) of fresh water per flood event can be captured from the Midwest's Rivers and pumped via pipelines to the Colorado River and introduced upstream of Lake Powell, Utah, also to destinations near Denver, Colorado, and used in areas along the new water transportation routes. Water users of the Colorado River include the cities in southern Nevada, southern California, northern Arizona, Colorado, Utah, Indian Tribes, and Mexico. The proposed starting, end points, and routes of the water transportation routes are documented, including information on right-of-ways necessary for state and federal permits. The National Smart Water Grid™ (NSWG) could create a million new jobs for construction, operation, and maintenance and save billions per year in drought and flood damage reparations tax dollars. The socio-economic benefits include decreased flooding in the Midwest; increased agriculture, and recreation and tourism; improved national security, transportation, and fishery and wildlife habitats; decreased salinity in Colorado River water crossing the US-Mexico border; and decreased eutrophication/hypoxia (excessive plant growth and decay) in the Gulf of Mexico to name a few. The sale of captured flood water could pay for the National Smart Water Grid™. The cost benefit analysis indicates that the NSWG should be net beneficial. A detailed feasibility studies for each pipeline/aqueduct transportation route is warranted.The Second Edition expands flooding and recent climate change data, emphasis on cost/benefit analysis, details on the engineered features such as pipes, pumps, aqueducts, and patent pending modified levees.Water is a $400 billion industry, the third largest behind oil and electricity. The U.S. has a Strategic Petroleum Reserve and needs a comparable Strategic Water Reserve. The National Smart Water Grid could become a Strategic Water Reserve and augment the National Energy Grid. The availability and sustainability of freshwater is the most important issue facing humanity in this century.
The untold story of climate migration--the personal stories of those experiencing displacement, the portraits of communities being torn apart by disaster, and the implications for all of us as we confront a changing future. When the subject of migration that will be caused by global climate change comes up in the media or in conversation, we often think of international refugees--those from foreign countries who will emigrate to the United States to escape disasters like rising shorelines and famine. What many people don't realize though, is that climate migration is happening now--and within the borders of the United States. A human-centered narrative with national scope, The Great Displacement is the first book to report on climate migration in the US. From half-drowned Louisiana to fire-scorched California, from the dried-up cotton fields of Arizona to the soaked watersheds of inland North Carolina, people are moving. In the last decade alone, the federal government has sponsored the relocation of tens of thousands of families away from flood zones, and tens of thousands more have moved of their own accord in the aftermath of natural disasters. Insurance and mortgage markets are already shifting to reflect mounting climate risk, pushing more people away from their homes. Rising seas have already begun to sink eastern coastal cities, while extreme heat, unprecedented drought, and unstoppable wildfires plague the west. Over the next fifty years, millions of Americans will be caught up in this churn of displacement created by climate change, forced inland and northward in what will be the largest national migration we've yet to experience. The Great Displacement compassionately tells the stories of those who are already experiencing life on the move, while detailing just how radically climate change will transform our lives--forcing us out of the country's hardest-hit areas, uprooting countless communities, and prompting a massive migration that will fundamentally reshape the United States.
This book focuses on participation of the public and private sectors in urban water management and on the role of water pricing. It discusses in-depth topics such as public choices of urban water service management; dynamics of privatization and regulation of water services; adoption of water demand instruments; impacts of price and non-price policies on residential water demand; quality of water services; lessons from not-for-profit public-private partnerships; and critical examinations of models and projections of demands in water utility resource planning in England and Wales. Appropriateness of water prices and tariffs in achieving socially desirable outcomes is also analyzed and a global survey of urban water tariffs is approached with a focus on sustainability, efficiency and fairness. This book was originally published as a special issue of the International Journal of Water Resources Management.
This book explains how the U.S. federal system manages environmental health issues, with a unique focus on risk management and human health outcomes. Building on a generic approach for understanding human health risk, this book shows how federalism has evolved in response to environmental health problems, political and ideological variations in Washington D.C, as well as in-state and local governments. It examines laws, rules and regulations, showing how they stretch or fail to adapt to environmental health challenges. Emphasis is placed on human health and safety risk and how decisions have been influenced by environmental health information. The authors review different forms of federalism, and analyse how it has had to adapt to ever evolving environmental health hazards, such as global climate change, nanomaterials, nuclear waste, fresh air and water, as well as examining the impact of robotics and artificial intelligence on worker environmental health. They demonstrate the process for assessing hazard information and the process for federalism risk management, and subsequently arguing that human health and safety should receive greater attention. This book will be essential reading for students and scholars working on environmental health and environmental policy, particularly from a public health, and risk management viewpoint, in addition to practitioners and policymakers involved in environmental management and public policy.