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The construction of large, controllable quantum systems is a formidable task in quantum science and technology. In the context of quantum networks, single emitters in diamond have emerged as leading quantum bits that combine long coherence times with efficient optical interfaces. Despite their potential manufacturability, such solidstate qubits have been limited to small-scale quantum network demonstrations due to their low system efficiencies, deteriorated properties in devices, and low yields. To address these challenges, we report the development of a nanophotonic platform in diamond for the efficient control and routing of photons. In particular, we describe the fabrication and coupling of qubits to diamond parabolic reflectors, single-mode waveguides and photonic crystal resonators. We then demonstrate the large-scale heterogeneous integration of diamond waveguide-coupled qubits with photonic circuits in another material system. This hybrid quantum chip architecture enables the combination of coherent qubits in diamond with low-loss active photonics in aluminum nitride or silicon nitride. This modularity also circumvents the low device yields associated with monolithic chips, enabling here a 128-channel, qubit-integrated photonic chip with frequency tunability and high optical coherence. Finally, we describe new qubit flavors in diamond that offer potentially long spin coherence times at higher operational temperatures. As an outlook, we discuss ongoing efforts that combine the advances in this thesis towards the construction of a quantum repeater microchip.
Photonic Quantum Technologies Brings together top-level research results to enable the development of practical quantum devices In Photonic Quantum Technologies: Science and Applications, the editor Mohamed Benyoucef and a team of distinguished scientists from different disciplines deliver an authoritative, one-stop overview of up-to-date research on various quantum systems. This unique book reviews the state-of-the-art research in photonic quantum technologies and bridges the fundamentals of the field with applications to provide readers from academia and industry, in one-location resource, with cutting-edge knowledge they need to have to understand and develop practical quantum systems for application in e.g., secure quantum communication, quantum metrology, and quantum computing. The book also addresses fundamental and engineering challenges en route to workable quantum devices and ways to circumvent or overcome them. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to the fundamentals of quantum technologies, including discussions of the second quantum revolution (by Nobel Laureate Alain Aspect), solid-state quantum optics, and non-classical light and quantum entanglement Comprehensive explorations of emerging quantum technologies and their practical applications, including quantum repeaters, satellite-based quantum communication, quantum networks, silicon quantum photonics, integrated quantum systems, and future vision Practical discussions of quantum technologies with artificial atoms, color centers, 2D materials, molecules, atoms, ions, and optical clocks Perfect for molecular and solid-state physicists, Photonic Quantum Technologies: Science and Applications will also benefit industrial and academic researchers in photonics and quantum optics, graduate students in the field; engineers, chemists, and computer and material scientists.
This work explores the scope and flexibility afforded by integrated quantum photonics, both in terms of practical problem-solving, and for the pursuit of fundamental science. The author demonstrates and fully characterizes a two-qubit quantum photonic chip, capable of arbitrary two-qubit state preparation. Making use of the unprecedented degree of reconfigurability afforded by this device, a novel variation on Wheeler’s delayed choice experiment is implemented, and a new technique to obtain nonlocal statistics without a shared reference frame is tested. Also presented is a new algorithm for quantum chemistry, simulating the helium hydride ion. Finally, multiphoton quantum interference in a large Hilbert space is demonstrated, and its implications for computational complexity are examined.
Photonic technologies provide many unique physical advantages including ultra-high bandwidths, energy-efficient operations, and low coupling to environmental noise. Furthermore, recent advances in foundry-based manufacturing platforms have enabled the emerging field of integrated systems photonics. In contrast to their bulk optics counterparts, these systems can co-integrate dense ensembles of active photonic and electronic components on a single wafer with high phase stability and small device footprints. Initial demonstrations of each element in the integrated photonics stack-sources, processors, and detectors-motivate the development of wafer-scale photonic integrated circuit implementations, which are poised to form a key building block for fundamental advancements in computing, communications, and sensing. The first part of this thesis will discuss the development and early system-level demonstrations of linear programmable nanophotonic processors in the silicon-on-insulator platform for applications in quantum and classical machine learning and information processing. Using our developed processor architecture, we then present a nanophotonic Ising sampler for noise-assisted combinatorial optimization. Subsequently, we present a novel, foundry-compatible platform for integrating telecommunication-wavelength artificial atom quantum emitters directly in silicon photonic circuits. Finally, we report a capacity analysis of a structured interferometric receiver implemented with a silicon photonic processor for detection of optical signals in photon-sparse communication links.
Quantum Photonics aims to serve as a comprehensive and systematic reference source for entrants to the field of quantum photonics, including updated topics on quantum photonics for researchers working in this field. The book reviews the fundamental knowledge of modern photonics related quantum technologies, key concepts of quantum photonic devices, and quantum photonics applications. The book is suitable for graduate students, researchers, and engineers who want to learn quantum photonics fundamentals. The editors, who are leaders in this field, have formulated this book as an introduction to the cutting-edge research in quantum photonics. Researchers and students involved in the development of semiconductor optoelectronics and optical communication systems should also find this book helpful. Covers the whole quantum photonics field, including nanostructured materials, physics, modelling, and quantum technology applications ranging from applications of q-bit emitters to quantum dot lasers Comprehensively and systematically reviews fundamentals and applications of quantum photonics for beginners in the field Provides foundational knowledge for modern photonics-related quantum technologies
Integrated quantum hybrid devices, built from classical dielectric nanostructures and individual quantum systems, promise to provide a scalable platform to study and exploit the laws of quantum physics. On the one hand, there are novel applications, such as efficient computation, secure communication, and measurements with unreached accuracy. On th
This book brings together reviews by internationally renowed experts on quantum optics and photonics. It describes novel experiments at the limit of single photons, and presents advances in this emerging research area. It also includes reprints and historical descriptions of some of the first pioneering experiments at a single-photon level and nonlinear optics, performed before the inception of lasers and modern light detectors, often with the human eye serving as a single-photon detector. The book comprises 19 chapters, 10 of which describe modern quantum photonics results, including single-photon sources, direct measurement of the photon's spatial wave function, nonlinear interactions and non-classical light, nanophotonics for room-temperature single-photon sources, time-multiplexed methods for optical quantum information processing, the role of photon statistics in visual perception, light-by-light coherent control using metamaterials, nonlinear nanoplasmonics, nonlinear polarization optics, and ultrafast nonlinear optics in the mid-infrared.
Color centers -- crystal defects that act as artificial atoms trapped in the solid state -- are contenders for realizing network-based quantum computation. An outstanding challenge has been the integration of color centers into scalable nanophotonic circuits, a prerequisite for efficient entanglement generation between the nodes of a quantum network. Silicon Carbide (SiC), a material traditionally used for abrasives, LEDs and transistors, has the potential to realize such circuits in a wafer-scale, CMOS-compatible platform. However, material fabrication challenges precluded the realization of high-quality SiC photonics. We overcome these limitations by developing new nanofabrication techniques and establish SiC as a high-performance classical photonics material. This development of classical photonic devices in SiC constitutes the first part of this dissertation. Then, we adapt the classical photonics techniques to fabricate devices that host coherent color centers, to demonstrate the basic building blocks of quantum networks based on color centers in SiC photonics. We isolate coherent single emitters in SiC photonic cavities, observe near-unity emitter-cavity cooperativity, and demonstrate superradiance of a pair of color centers in a single microresonator. Taken together, these results suggest that SiC is a candidate for closing the long-standing ''classical-quantum photonics gap'', characterized by a large disparity between the excellent performance of classical photonic devices and comparatively non-scalable and inefficient performance of the quantum-photonic counterparts. In the final part of the dissertation, we discuss electrical control of single color centers in SiC, a key element of the realization of homogeneous, scalable qubits compatible with large-scale, foundry-fabricated color-center quantum circuits.