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Dernier rapport de la collection "Rapports du CAE". Tchernobyl, AZF, Xynthia, Fukushima et bien d'autres catastrophes nous rappellent régulièrement l'existence de risques technologiques majeurs qui peuvent modifier notre environnement, notre santé ou notre bien-être. La crise financière illustre un autre risque systémique lui aussi lié à la complexité de nos systèmes. Peut-on les éviter ou s'ils surgissent, peut-on en atténuer les effets ? C'est l'objet de ce travail du CAE corédigé par Céline Grislain-Letrémy, Reza Lahidji et Philippe Mongin. Il couvre les risques naturels, technologiques ou nucléaires. Les enjeux humains, économiques, financiers et plus largement sociétaux y sont mis en lumière. Les solutions juridiques ou institutionnelles sont-elles les seules réponses ? Les économistes peuvent compléter la "boîte à outils", notamment en rappelant l'efficacité des incitations, le potentiel de l'assurance, la nature du régime d'indemnisation ou les vertus de l'évaluation. Toutefois, les solutions ne peuvent se concevoir qu'à travers une vision pluridisciplinaire. Les différents moments du risque avant et après son occurrence sont décrits ainsi que les mécanismes de responsabilité et d'assurance qui en découlent. L'analyse conduit à formuler plusieurs recommandations opérationnelles aussi bien sur l'évaluation que la prévention ou l'indemnisation des risques majeurs.
Extreme weather and climate events, interacting with exposed and vulnerable human and natural systems, can lead to disasters. This Special Report explores the social as well as physical dimensions of weather- and climate-related disasters, considering opportunities for managing risks at local to international scales. SREX was approved and accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on 18 November 2011 in Kampala, Uganda.
Les évolutions urbanistiques, démographiques, et même climatiques, ont un impact sur les questions auxquelles doivent répondre les pays de l’OCDE en matière de protection de la vie et du bien-être des citoyens ou de garantie de la continuité de ...
Volume 1 (A and B) covers international organizations throughout the world, comprising their aims, activities and events.
Despite broad international recognition of the criminalization of illicit enrichment, it has not been universally accepted as an anti-corruption measure. Instead, criminalization of illicit enrichment continues to generate extensive debate and controversy. Against this background, this volume aims to provide an analysis of how illicit enrichment works, and attempts to shed light on any contributions that it has made to the fight against corruption and the recovery of stolen assets. Rather than delving into the theoretical and academic debates around illicit enrichment, this study focuses primarily on the analysis of current practice, case law, and existing literature to offer a new perspective to the on-going discussions. More specifically, the volume addresses the legal framework upon which the concept of illicit enrichment rests, and the resulting policy implications of that legal framework. It also focuses on illicit enrichment as an anti-corruption mechanism, from its roots as a response to the problems inherent to prosecutions involving corruption, to an examination of elements and inchoate offenses relating to illicit enrichment under international conventions. It examines illicit enrichment jurisprudence in the global context. An extensive survey was carried out to determine the countries where the offense exists, what form it takes, how often it is used, and for countries where it doesn't, what other measures are used in its place. The authors neither recommend nor oppose the adoption of illicit enrichment provisions, but rather aim to assist jurisdictions considering such steps by highlighting key questions that might arise during implementation, including how the offense is defined and enforced domestically by States. Similarly, the authors do not endorse nor criticize any practice carried out by States in the implementation of the criminalization of illicit enrichment. Ultimately, it is also hoped that this study provides a basis for further discussion amongst policy makers and practitioners, and fuels upcoming discussions by the Conference of State parties of the UNCAC and its Working Groups
Offers an up-to-date analysis of issues related to providing, using and researching feedback, including new developments in technology.