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In Black Americans and Organized Labor, Paul D. Moreno offers a bold reinterpretation of the role of race and racial discrimination in the American labor movement. Moreno applies insights of the law-and-economics movement to formulate a powerfully compelling labor-race theorem of elegant simplicity: White unionists found that race was a convenient basis on which to do what unions do -- control the labor supply. Not racism pure and simple but "the economics of discrimination" explains historic black absence and under-representation in unions. Moreno's sweeping reexamination stretches from the antebellum period to the present, integrating principal figures such as Frederick Douglass and Samuel Gompers, Isaac Myers and Booker T. Washington, and W. E. B. Du Bois and A. Philip Randolph. He traces changing attitudes and practices during the simultaneous black migration to the North and consolidation of organized labor's power, through the confusing and conflicted post-World War II period, during the course of the civil rights movement, and into the era of affirmative action. Maneuvering across a wide span of time and a broad array of issues, Moreno brings remarkable clarity to the question of the importance of race in unions. He impressively weaves together labor, policy, and African American history into a cogent, persuasive revisionist study that cannot be ignored.
The history of modern liberalism has been hotly debated in contemporary politics and the academy. Here, Judith Stein uses the steel industry--long considered fundamental to the U.S. economy--to examine liberal policies and priorities after World War II. I
A cross-cultural study of gender differentiation in employment, this book holds controversial implications for future research in the field. In an analysis of 12 industrial countries, Patricia Roos isolates the effects of gender, family background, education, and marital status, among other variables, on the types of jobs that men and women hold and on their occupational mobility. The consistency of the results suggests historical, cultural, and political traditions of a country have little impact on the kinds of jobs that women and men have. Rather, patterns of occupational sex segregation reflect structural features common to all modern industrial societies. This book is a milestone in the research on sex and marital differences in employment, occupational distribution, and earnings.