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This book presents a series of review chapters on the various aspects of primate kinship and behavior, as a fundamental reference for students and professionals interested in primate behavior, ecology and evolution. The relatively new molecular data allow one to assess directly degrees of genetic relatedness and kinship relations between individuals, and a considerable body of data on intergroup variation, based on experimental studies in both free-ranging and captive groups has accumulated, allowing a rather full and satisfying reconsideration of this whole broad area of research. The book should be of considerable interest to students of social evolution and behavioral ecology.
Stressing direct connections between human and nonhuman society, this book about the social life of monkeys, apes and humans emphasizes the importance of social information and knowledge in the understanding of primate behavior and organization.
This book examines the many facets of cooperative behavior in primates and humans as some of the world’s leading experts review and summarize the state-of-the-art of theoretical and empirical studies of cooperation. This book is the first to bridge the gap between parallel research in primatology and studies of humans. Comparative as this approach is, it highlights both common principles and aspects of human uniqueness with respect to cooperative behavior.
At some point in the course of evolutionâe"from a primeval social organization of early hominidsâe"all human societies, past and present, would emerge. In this account of the dawn of human society, Bernard Chapais shows that our knowledge about kinship and society in nonhuman primates supports, and informs, ideas first put forward by the distinguished social anthropologist, Claude Lévi-Strauss. Chapais contends that only a few evolutionary steps were required to bridge the gap between the kinship structures of our closest relativesâe"chimpanzees and bonobosâe"and the human kinship configuration. The pivotal event, the author proposes, was the evolution of sexual alliances. Pair-bonding transformed a social organization loosely based on kinship into one exhibiting the strong hold of kinship and affinity. The implication is that the gap between chimpanzee societies and pre-linguistic hominid societies is narrower than we might think. Many books on kinship have been written by social anthropologists, but Primeval Kinship is the first book dedicated to the evolutionary origins of human kinship. And perhaps equally important, it is the first book to suggest that the study of kinship and social organization can provide a link between social and biological anthropology.
Kinship, Friendship, Sex and Aggression in Free-ranging Rhesus Monkeys is an "ethnography" of social behavior. Descended from individuals brought from India in 1938 by the comparative primate psychologist C.R. Carpenter, who anticipating WWII, foresaw the supply of monkeys for medical research being cut off. The colony is located on Cayo Santiago, a forty-acre island, 5/8 of a mile off the coast of Puerto Rico and is by now the best-studied population of nonhuman primates in the world. Following Carpenter's initial studies (1942), a detailed field study of the Cayo Santiago colony was made by Stuart Altmann (1954), a student of E.O. Wilson. Many investigators followed. Noteworthy among them is Donald Sade, an anthropologist, whose many graduate students followed his pioneering work. My own study was initiated under Sade's guidance in July 1964 when I went with Sade for a summer's introductory field work in Puerto Rico from graduate school at Berkeley.