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This book provides practical information about web archives, offers inspiring examples for web archivists, raises new challenges, and shares recent research results about access methods to explore information from the past preserved by web archives. The book is structured in six parts. Part 1 advocates for the importance of web archives to preserve our collective memory in the digital era, demonstrates the problem of web ephemera and shows how web archiving activities have been trying to address this challenge. Part 2 then focuses on different strategies for selecting web content to be preserved and on the media types that different web archives host. It provides an overview of efforts to address the preservation of web content as well as smaller-scale but high-quality collections of social media or audiovisual content. Next, Part 3 presents examples of initiatives to improve access to archived web information and provides an overview of access mechanisms for web archives designed to be used by humans or automatically accessed by machines. Part 4 presents research use cases for web archives. It also discusses how to engage more researchers in exploiting web archives and provides inspiring research studies performed using the exploration of web archives. Subsequently, Part 5 demonstrates that web archives should become crucial infrastructures for modern connected societies. It makes the case for developing web archives as research infrastructures and presents several inspiring examples of added-value services built on web archives. Lastly, Part 6 reflects on the evolution of the web and the sustainability of web archiving activities. It debates the requirements and challenges for web archives if they are to assume the responsibility of being societal infrastructures that enable the preservation of memory. This book targets academics and advanced professionals in a broad range of research areas such as digital humanities, social sciences, history, media studies and information or computer science. It also aims to fill the need for a scholarly overview to support lecturers who would like to introduce web archiving into their courses by offering an initial reference for students.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2021, which was held in December 2021. Due to COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held virtually. The 17 full, 14 short, and 5 practice papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 87 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections named: Knowledge Discovery from Digital Collections; Search for Better User Experience; Information Extraction; Multimedia; Text Classification and Matching; Data Infrastructure for Digital Libraries; Data Modeling; Neural-based Learning.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries, TPDL 2016, held in Hannover, Germany, in September 2016. The 28 full papers, 5 posters and 8 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 93 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: Digital Library Design; User Aspects; Search; Web Archives; Semantics; Multimedia and Time Aspects; Digital Library Evaluation; Digital Humanities; e-Infrastructures.
Thanks to the digital revolution, even a traditional discipline like philology has been enjoying a renaissance within academia and beyond. Decades of work have been producing groundbreaking results, raising new research questions and creating innovative educational resources. This book describes the rapidly developing state of the art of digital philology with a focus on Ancient Greek and Latin, the classical languages of Western culture. Contributions cover a wide range of topics about the accessibility and analysis of Greek and Latin sources. The discussion is organized in five sections concerning open data of Greek and Latin texts; catalogs and citations of authors and works; data entry, collection and analysis for classical philology; critical editions and annotations of sources; and finally linguistic annotations and lexical databases. As a whole, the volume provides a comprehensive outline of an emergent research field for a new generation of scholars and students, explaining what is reachable and analyzable that was not before in terms of technology and accessibility.
Historical maps are fascinating documents and a valuable source of information for scientists of various disciplines. Many of these maps are available as scanned bitmap images, but in order to make them searchable in useful ways, a structured representation of the contained information is desirable. This book deals with the extraction of spatial information from historical maps. This cannot be expected to be solved fully automatically (since it involves difficult semantics), but is also too tedious to be done manually at scale. The methodology used in this book combines the strengths of both computers and humans: it describes efficient algorithms to largely automate information extraction tasks and pairs these algorithms with smart user interactions to handle what is not understood by the algorithm. The effectiveness of this approach is shown for various kinds of spatial documents from the 16th to the early 20th century.
The Web has been with us now for almost 25 years. An integral part of our social, cultural and political lives, ‘new media’ is simply not that new anymore. Despite the rapidly expanding archives of information at our disposal, and the recent growth of interest in web history as a field of research, the information available to us still far outstrips our understanding of how to interpret it. The SAGE Handbook of Web History marks the first comprehensive review of this subject to date. Its editors emphasise two main different forms of study: the use of the web as an historical resource, and the web as an object of study in its own right. Bringing together all the existing knowledge of the field, with an interdisciplinary focus and an international scope, this is an incomparable resource for researchers and students alike. Part One: The Web and Historiography Part Two: Theoretical and Methodological Reflections Part Three: Technical and Structural Dimensions of Web History Part Four: Platforms on the Web Part Five: Web History and Users, some Case Studies Part Six: The Roads Ahead
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2022, which was held in November/December 2022. The 14 full, 18 short, and 12 poster papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 78 submissions. Based on significant contributions, the full and short papers have been classified into the following topics: intelligent document analysis; neural-based knowledge extraction; knowledge discovery for enhancing collaboration; smart search and annotation; cultural data collection and analysis; scholarly data processing; data archive and management; research activities and digital library; and trends in digital library.
Zusammenfassung: This book continues a series of Springer publications devoted to the emerging field of Integrated Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning with Visual Knowledge Discovery and Visual Analytics that combine advances in both fields. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning face long-standing challenges of explainability and interpretability that underpin trust. Such attributes are fundamental to both decision-making and knowledge discovery. Models are approximations and, at best, interpretations of reality that are transposed to algorithmic form. A visual explanation paradigm is critically important to address such challenges, as current studies demonstrate in salience analysis in deep learning for images and texts. Visualization means are generally effective for discovering and explaining high-dimensional patterns in all high-dimensional data, while preserving data properties and relations in visualizations is challenging. Recent developments, such as in General Line Coordinates, open new opportunities to address such challenges. This book contains extended papers presented in 2021 and 2022 at the International Conference on Information Visualization (IV) on AI and Visual Analytics, with 18 chapters from international collaborators. The book builds on the previous volume, published in 2022 in the Studies in Computational Intelligence. The current book focuses on the following themes: knowledge discovery with lossless visualizations, AI/ML through visual knowledge discovery with visual analytics case studies application, and visual knowledge discovery in text mining and natural language processing. The intended audience for this collection includes but is not limited to developers of emerging AI/machine learning and visualization applications, scientists, practitioners, and research students. It has multiple examples of the current integration of AI/machine learning and visualization for visual knowledge discovery, visual analytics, and text and natural language processing. The book provides case examples for future directions in this domain. New researchers find inspiration to join the profession of the field of AI/machine learning through a visualization lens.