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The development of the F-5 lightweight supersonic fighter in the mid 1950s was almost a gamble for the Northrop Corporation, but ultimately resulted in one of most commercially successful combat aircraft in modern history. Iran was one of its major export customers, yet the long and often violent history of deployment of the F-5 in that country has largely escaped attention of historians. No less than 309 aircraft of five major variants of the jet - the F-5A, F-5B, RF-5A, F-5E and F-5F - have provided the backbone of the front line strength of the Iranian Air Force since the mid 1960s. Additional examples were clandestinely purchased from Ethiopia and Vietnam in the 1980s. The type bore the brunt of combat operations during the long war with Iraq, 1980-1988, and remains a mainstay of the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force as of today. This breathtaking account provides a detailed chronological history of the F-5 in combat service in Iran, a history dominated by long-range strikes against some of best defended targets inside Iraq, and by thousands of dramatic close-air-support and reconnaissance sorties, but also fierce air combats against the then most modern fighter types in Iraqi service, including the MiG-23s and MiG-25s. It is completed with practically unknown stories of their combat presence in Pakistan, Afghanistan and the war against drug traffickers in recent years. Good though the F-5 has been, the advances of domestic Iranian aircraft building companies have resulted in attempts to continue the F-5 line with further redesign and developments, resulting in a number of indigenous variants. Combined, this means that the diverse and involved story about one of most interesting military aircraft of modern times is still far from over. The author's detailed text is fully supported by an extensive selection of photographs and color profiles. Middle East@War - following on from our highly successful Africa@War series, Middle East@War replicates the same format - concise, incisive text, rare images and high quality color artwork providing fresh accounts of both well-known and more esoteric aspects of conflict in this part of the world since 1945.
The Iran-Iraq War is one of the largest, yet least documented conflicts in the history of the Middle East. Drawing from an extensive cache of captured Iraqi government records, this book is the first comprehensive military and strategic account of the war through the lens of the Iraqi regime and its senior military commanders. It explores the rationale and decision-making processes that drove the Iraqis as they grappled with challenges that, at times, threatened their existence. Beginning with the bizarre lack of planning by the Iraqis in their invasion of Iran, the authors reveal Saddam's desperate attempts to improve the competence of an officer corps that he had purged to safeguard its loyalty to his tyranny, and then to weather the storm of suicidal attacks by Iranian religious revolutionaries. This is a unique and important contribution to our understanding of the history of war and the contemporary Middle East.
Presenting a fascinating insider's view of U.S.A.F. special operations, this volume brings to life the critical contributions these forces have made to the exercise of air & space power. Focusing in particular on the period between the Korean War & the Indochina wars of 1950-1979, the accounts of numerous missions are profusely illustrated with photos & maps. Includes a discussion of AF operations in Europe during WWII, as well as profiles of Air Commandos who performed above & beyond the call of duty. Reflects on the need for financial & political support for restoration of the forces. Bibliography. Extensive photos & maps. Charts & tables.
Operation HOREV - the Israeli offensive from December 1948 until January 1949 - practically ended Israel's War for Independence, with an Israeli victory that forced Egypt to seek ceasefire and to negotiate a settlement. From HOREV Day 1 on 23 December 1948 until HOREV Day 16 on 7 January 1949, this title presents Israeli Air Force missions during O
Tigers of the Tigris: An American Advisor's Journey Through Culture, Religion and Intrigue in Building the Iraqi Armyis a remarkable memoir of a military advisor with a military advisory team referred to as a Military Transition Team (MiTT) in Iraq. It is required reading for those interested in understanding how U.S. forces used military advisory teams to achieve unity of effort to build legitimacy and strengthen security forces. It is also required reading to understand Iraqi cultural and religious aspects and the center of gravity for the war - the concept of winning and changing of hearts and minds in Iraq. The author carries readers behind closed doors to witness negotiations, intrigue and the struggle to win the hearts and minds of local sheikhs and religious leaders. He describes meetings with prominent religious leaders such as Abd El Azziz Al Hakim, the head of the Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq and Ayatollah Hussein Al Sadr, a powerful Shi'a cleric in Baghdad. Experience the daunting tasks faced by the MiTT to advise, coach, teach and mentor Iraqi security forces and provide direct access to coalition capabilities such as fire support, medical evacuation, and intelligence gathering. Enjoy the sweet success in getting the first Iraqi Army Brigade to achieve full responsibility for its own battle sector in Iraq. Live through what it is like dealing with sectarian problems between the Sunni Arab majority who had held power for many centuries and the Shi'a Arabs, the nation's long-repressed majority. Understand the role that culture and religion play in Iraqi society and how American soldiers adapted to overcome these problems. Tigers of the Tigrisis an informative read that provides first-hand accounts from military advisors in the field who go about their day-to-day duties of both fighting the insurgents and winning hearts and minds of Iraqis. "There has been a lot written about day to day combat operations, but this book will take you inside the little publicized effort to build an Iraqi force for stabilizing the country. It is a must read if you have someone in Iraq or if you just want to know what it is like for an American soldier in Iraq working side by side with Iraqi soldiers to build a new Army." Stephen E. Henthorne, FRUSI Senior Advisor, Civil-Military Centre of Excellence (CCOE-NATO), Joint-Interagency-Multinational Stability Operations (Joint CA/CIMIC/CMO Interoperability) "An insightful book. Tigers of the Tigrisprovides not only an exciting memoir of an American military advisor, but also a manual for effective counterinsurgency. Through personal stories the author describes the impact of culture and religion and the ever important non-lethal interaction with Iraqi citizens." Huntington Blair (Hunt) Downer, Major General, Louisiana Army National Guard. "Mark Kerry has opened a window into the cultural inner-workings of Iraqi society and its army that illuminate the challenges Iraqis are facing in rebuilding their society as free and democratic. He also illustrates the cultural undercurrents that lead to phenomena that otherwise mystify a Western observer. Kerry's book is a must-read for American officers detailed to advisory positions. I also recommend it as an exemplar of a model of counterinsurgency that demonstrates the considerable gains made from simply visiting religious and tribal opinion leaders, answering their questions and addressing their concerns, and persuading them to support the goals and activities of the counterinsurgent." Dr. Adam Shilling
Sixty years since the tripartite aggression of France, Great Britain and Israel against Egypt, this is the first account about Egyptian military operations during the Suez War of 1956 (or 'Suez Crisis', as it is known in the West). Based on research with the help of official Egyptian documentation and recollections of crucial participants, this book provides an unique and exclusive insight into the 'other side' of a war that many consider has marked 'the end of the British Empire'. From the Western point of view, the situation is usually explained in quite simple terms: in retaliation for President Gamal Abdel Nasser's nationalization of the Universal Suez Canal Company - and thus the strategically important waterway of the Suez Canal - France and Great Britain (operating in concert with Israel) launched the operation codenamed 'Musketeer'. Divided into three phases, each shaded into the other; this aimed at obliterating the Egyptian Air Force, occupying the whole of the Suez Canal and toppling Nasser's government. From the Egyptian point of view, backgrounds were much more complex than this. Striving to modernize the country, a new and inexperienced government in Cairo launched a number of major projects, including one for the construction of a gigantic Asswan Dam on the Nile. The only Western power ready to help finance this project, the USA conditioned its support with basing rights for its military. With the last British soldiers still about to leave the country - and thus end Egypt's occupation by foreign powers for the first time in 2,000 years - Nasser found this unacceptable. Around the same time, Egypt found itself under pressure from Israeli raids against border posts on the Sinai. Left without a solution, Cairo decided to nationalize the Suez Canal in order to finance the Aswan Dam project, but also to start purchasing arms from the Soviet Union. In an attempt to bolster Egyptian defenses without antagonizing Western powers, Nasser concluded the so-called 'Czech Arms deal' with Moscow - resulting in the acquisition of Soviet arms via Czechoslovakia. Little known in Cairo at the time, such moves tripped several 'red lines' in Israel and in the West - in turn prompting aggression that culminated in a war. Wings over Sinai is, first and foremost, an account of the battle for survival of the Egyptian Air Force (EAF). Caught in the middle of conversion to Soviet-types, this proved more than a match for Israel, but were hopelessly ill-prepared to face the military might of Great Britain and France too. Sustained, days-long air strikes on Egyptian air bases caused heavy damage, but were nowhere near as crippling as the losses usually claimed and assessed by the British, French and Israelis. The EAF not only survived that conflict in quite a good order, but also quickly recovered. This story is told against the backdrop of the fighting on the ground and the air and naval invasion by British and French forces. Richly illustrated with plenty of new and previously unpublished photographs, maps (and 15 color profiles), this action-packed volume is illustrates all aspects of camouflage, markings and various equipment of British and Soviet origin in Egyptian military service as of 1956.
Deep in the Arizona desert, U.S. Army developers have built a tank the likes of which the world has never known, dubbed the "Tommy Gun." But in a carefully orchestrated attack, Iranian terrorists have captured all the Tommy prototypes and hidden them somewhere in Mexico-along with the project leader, the only one who can activate the tanks. Now, CIA officer Luke Dodd and a team of Green Berets must infiltrate the Iranians' stronghold and take back the ultimate armored weapon.
Statement of responsibility taken from cover.
Except in a few instances, since World War II no American soldier or sailor has been attacked by enemy air power. Conversely, no enemy soldier orsailor has acted in combat without being attacked or at least threatened by American air power. Aviators have brought the air weapon to bear against enemies while denying them the same prerogative. This is the legacy of the U.S. AirForce, purchased at great cost in both human and material resources.More often than not, aerial pioneers had to fight technological ignorance, bureaucratic opposition, public apathy, and disagreement over purpose.Every step in the evolution of air power led into new and untrodden territory, driven by humanitarian impulses; by the search for higher, faster, and farther flight; or by the conviction that the air way was the best way. Warriors have always coveted the high ground. If technology permitted them to reach it, men, women andan air force held and exploited it-from Thomas Selfridge, first among so many who gave that "last full measure of devotion"; to Women's Airforce Service Pilot Ann Baumgartner, who broke social barriers to become the first Americanwoman to pilot a jet; to Benjamin Davis, who broke racial barriers to become the first African American to command a flying group; to Chuck Yeager, a one-time non-commissioned flight officer who was the first to exceed the speed of sound; to John Levitow, who earned the Medal of Honor by throwing himself over a live flare to save his gunship crew; to John Warden, who began a revolution in air power thought and strategy that was put to spectacular use in the Gulf War.Industrialization has brought total war and air power has brought the means to overfly an enemy's defenses and attack its sources of power directly. Americans have perceived air power from the start as a more efficient means of waging war and as a symbol of the nation's commitment to technology to master challenges, minimize casualties, and defeat adversaries.