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Introduction to Africana Demography book includes an introduction outlining Africana demography and chapters that provide a critique of conventional demographic approaches to understanding race and social institutions, such as the family, religion, and the criminal justice system.
Psychosocial stressors are a part of the human condition. Individuals experience a myriad of stressors in their everyday lives, and, while many people experience some of the same types of stressors, responses and reactions to stressful life events, interactions, and situations often vary. Research has shown that these stressors often have negative effects on physical and mental health outcomes, among others. Thus, the way one copes with psychosocial stressors is important for explaining human behavior and variations across and within certain groups. For African Americans, there are added stressors that impact daily functioning, due to no fault of their own. These stressors include, but are not limited to, discrimination, microaggressions, and police brutality, as well as income, health, and education inequalities. Inspired by the John Henryism hypothesis and, more broadly, the research on John Henryism, African American Coping in the Political Sphere explores the influence coping has on African Americans' political attitudes and behaviors. Jas M. Sullivan and Moriah Harman reveal that coping plays a role in political outcomes just as it does in social, economic, psychological, and health outcomes. Consequently, coping offers insight into why some individuals believe and behave in the ways that they do in the political sphere.
In Racial Realism and the History of Black People in America, Lori Latrice Martin demonstrates how racial realism is a key concept for understanding why and how black people continue to live between a cycle of optimism and disappointment in the United States. Central to her argument is Derrick Bell’s work on racial realism, who argued that the subordination of black people in America is permanent. Racial Realism includes historical topics, such as Reconstruction, race in the 20th century, and recent events like #BlackLivesMatter, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the killing of George Floyd. As the author lays out, at various times in American history, black people felt a sense of hopefulness and optimism that America would finally extend treasured American values to them only to find themselves marginalized. History shows that black people have had their expectations raised so many times only to find themselves deeply disappointed.
Intersectionality has become a defining paradigm for critical feminist scholarship. Rooted in Black Feminism, it recognizes the interlocking and mutually constitutive character of salient systems of difference and inequality, such as gender, race, class, sexuality, nationality, disability, which together form a “matrix of domination” (Collins, 1990). While intersectionality has become a “buzzword” for feminist scholars and activists (Davis, 2008), it has also attracted criticism and debate. There are unresolved questions concerning how it can be conceptualized (Choo & Ferree, 2010), operationalized in sociological research (McCall, 2005; Strid, Walby, and Armstrong, 2013), and put to practical use beyond the academy (Cho, Crenshaw, & McCall, 2013). So, too, are scholars and activists questioning whether intersectionality has been overly “commodified” and “appropriated” by white feminisms and disconnected from its radical origins (Nash, 2019). In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and its intersectional impacts, as well as the recent intensification of activism and protest related to racialized and gendered injustices, the moment is ripe to revisit and reflect on the concept of intersectionality, including within the field of sociology of sport. While sport clearly lends itself to intersectional analysis (Carter-Francique, 2017), to date there has not been a systematic effort to consider where and how the concept of intersectionality fits within the sociology of sport as a discipline. It is precisely this project that this Research topic invites. Taking up the three key axes that have organized intersectionality scholarship to date––theory, methods, and practice––we ask: How has intersectional theorizing and analysis figured within sociology of sport to date? What explanatory power does it offer as a framework for investigating power and inequality in sport, and what are its limitations? How might its application in the context of sport advance sociological approaches to intersectionality as a methodology? Critically, via what practices might intersectional empowerment be realized in sport? What does activism for––and the organization of––intersectional justice in sport look like? Given the breadth of issues, research sites, and theoretical paradigms taken up to date within sociology of sport, we suggest that the discipline offers an ideal setting in which to unpack the complexity of intersectional processes and politics. We suggest further that the current moment is ripe for such an intervention: from the impacts of the Black Lives Matter and #MeToo movements, to the uneven effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sporting world, intersectional analyses are needed to address the pressing inequalities that continue to characterize sport and animate the field.
Sports can serve as an inspirational example of what can be achieved through hard work and perseverance, regardless of one's race. However, race still plays a major role in sports, and sports are key agents of racial socialization. This new edition challenges the idea that America has moved beyond racial discrimination and identifies the obvious and subtle ways in which racial identities and athletic determinism affect individuals in the world of sports. Featuring a new chapter covering the history of Black athletes in college sports and the historic and contemporary role of the NCAA and including 40% revised material covering major events and players since 2015, Lori Latrice Martin's influential text makes clear the links between sports and society as a whole and demonstrates that the issues surrounding racism in sports are not limited to the playing field.
This book is a comprehensive analysis of the structure, determinants and consequences of changes in sub-Saharan African families, thereby representing an Afrocentric description of the emerging trends. It documents various themes in the sub-disciplines of family demography. The first section of the book focuses on philosophical understanding of African family, its theoretical perspectives, and comparative analysis of family in the 20th and 21st centuries. The second section covers family formation, union dissolution, emerging trend in single parenthood, and adolescents in the family. The following section describes types, determinants and consequences of African family changes: health, childbearing, youth development, teen pregnancy and family violence and the last chapter provides systematic evidence on existing laws and policies governing African family structure and dynamics. As such it illustrates the importance of family demography in African demographic discourse and will be an interesting read to scholars and students in the field of demography, social workers, policy makers, departments of Social Development in countries in Africa and relevant international agencies and all those interested in understanding the African family trajectory.
Examining key countries in every region of world, this handbook presents population profiles and analyses concerning racial/ethnic disparities and changing intergroup relations. Inside, prominent scholars from various parts of the world and disciplines address the links between stratification, demography, and conflict across the globe. Organized by region/continent, coverage for each profiled country includes demographic information; a historical overview that addresses past racial/ethnic conflict; identification of the most salient demographic trends and issues that the country faces; theoretical issues related to the linkages between stratification, demography, and conflict; methodological issues including quality of data and cutting-edge methods to better understand the issue at hand; and details on the possible future of the existing trends and issues with particular emphasis on public policy and human rights. This handbook will help readers to better understand the commonalities and differences that exist globally in the interplay between stratification, demography, and conflict. In addition, it also provides an excellent inventory of theoretical perspectives and methodological approaches that are needed to better comprehend this issue. This handbook will appeal to students, researchers, and policy analysts in the areas of race and ethnic relations, demography, inequality, international sociology, international relations, foreign studies, social geography, and social development.
By analyzing contemporary Les Misérables online fandom, how can we conceptualize fandom racism, especially when it complicates the typical and sometimes reductive narratives that assign racism to only the "bad" and the conservative "other"? Victor Hugo's Les Misérables is a well-adapted novel with films, television shows, anime, and stage productions constantly bringing new fans into the fold. Fans of these adaptations use the political text as a breeding ground for contemporary political conversations about socio-economic inequality, republicanism, and gendered violence. Yet in these conversations, race is an awkward, silenced topic. This primer presents findings from the author's study of a decade of Les Misérables fanart, in which they catalogue the formulation of racial identity in the fandom. Citing interviews with fans of color, they discuss the mechanics of how fandoms leverage concepts of “diversity” to downplay and ultimately silence criticisms in the name of fandom hegemony. They argue that despite using Hugo's barricade boys to process their white guilt, fan artists often see race as skin-deep and non-specific, rarely as active cultural or ethnic identities. This study of fan racism is held around moments of racial characterization that have convinced fans of color that "nothing changes, nothing ever will." In looking at a fandom whose key principles are liberty, justice, and social equality, this research provides a base for future researchers and fans to have frank conversations about the subtle and thus more pernicious forms of racism that exist within fan spaces.
Intended for those interested in the African continent and the diversity of human history, this work looks at Africa's past and reflects on the changing ways it has been imagined and represented. It illustrates key themes in modern thinking about Africa's history with a range of historical examples.
This handbook provides an authoritative and comprehensive overview of African population dynamics, variations, causes and consequences, demonstrating the real-world applications of research in policies and programmes. African demography has come of age. Over 50 years, the discipline has grown exponentially in the number of training and research institutions, specialist experts and academic output, all with an aim of addressing the enormous demographic challenges faced by the continent. The book draws on old and emerging analytical tools to explore the relationships between population dynamics and social, economic, cultural and political environments from African perspectives. Key topics include fertility, sexual behaviours, healthcare, ageing, mortality, migration, displacement, the causes and consequences of demographic changes and teaching and research developments in African demography. The Routledge Handbook of African Demography will be an essential resource for students and researchers of African demography, sociology, development and cultural studies.