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Instrumented impact testing has been applied to study the effect of fiber properties on the impact damage tolerance of fiber-reinforced composites containing aramid, carbon, and glass fibers. The energy-absorbing capability of fibrous composites in impact is dependent on the tensile strain capacity (toughness) of the fibers, as well as on properties of the resin and interface. The aramid fibers are particularly efficient in energy absorption and in retention of properties after impact.
The instrumented drop weight impact test has been used to study the relative impact damage tolerance of Kevlar®-49 and Kevlar-29 aramid fibers, Thornel®-300 graphite fiber, and E-glass as reinforcements in epoxy-matrix composite materials. Under the conditions of the test, the energy absorbed to failure, defined as the first through crack or the maximum of the load-displacement trace, is proportional to the tensile strain energy to failure of the reinforcing fiber. Thus, the Kevlar fibers, and in particular Kevlar 29, absorb significantly more energy than Thornel 300, while E-glass is intermediate between the two Kevlar fibers. Hybrids with Kevlar 49 and Thornel 300 also absorb more total energy than do all graphite.
This study covers impact response, damage tolerance and failure of fibre-reinforced composite materials and structures. Materials development, analysis and prediction of structural behaviour and cost-effective design all have a bearing on the impact response of composites and this book brings together for the first time the most comprehensive and up-to-date research work from leading international experts. State of the art analysis of impact response, damage tolerance and failure of FRC materials Distinguished contributors provide expert analysis of the most recent materials and structures Valuable tool for R&D engineers, materials scientists and designers
The goal of Interface Science and Composites is to facilitate the manufacture of technological materials with optimized properties on the basis of a comprehensive understanding of the molecular structure of interfaces and their resulting influence on composite materials processes. From the early development of composites of various natures, the optimization of the interface has been of major importance. While there are many reference books available on composites, few deal specifically with the science and mechanics of the interface of materials and composites. Further, many recent advances in composite interfaces are scattered across the literature and are here assembled in a readily accessible form, bringing together recent developments in the field, both from the materials science and mechanics perspective, in a single convenient volume. The central theme of the book is tailoring the interface science of composites to optimize the basic physical principles rather than on the use of materials and the mechanical performance and structural integrity of composites with enhanced strength/stiffness and fracture toughness (or specific fracture resistance). It also deals mainly with interfaces in advanced composites made from high-performance fibers, such as glass, carbon, aramid, and some inorganic fibers, and matrix materials encompassing polymers, carbon, metals/alloys, and ceramics. Includes chapter on the development of a nanolevel dispersion of graphene particles in a polymer matrix Focus on tailoring the interface science of composites to optimize the basic physical principles Covers mainly interfaces in advanced composites made from high performance fibers