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"This report will be of interest to state DOT pavement engineers, environmental specialists, and noise analysts. The relationship between pavement surface texture and highway traffic noise is discussed. Information for the synthesis was collected by surveying state transportation agencies and by conducting a literature search of both domestic and foreign publications."--Avant-propos.
Traffic noise mitigation strategies are developed by considering the source, path, and receiver of the noise. Within the United States, strategies involving the path of traffic noise have dominated noise abatement efforts on Federal and State levels. As a result, many miles of barriers have been constructed to shield affected receivers from traffic noise. Strategies aimed at reducing the source of traffic noise are appealing in light of the potential for reducing these abatement costs. Vehicle noise has been divided into six noise-producing components: engine, fan, intake, exhaust, drive train, and tires. Due to market forces, vehicle manufacturers have been motivated in recent years to reduce the noise generated by these components. As progress has been made by manufacturers to reduce the noise emitted by the various sub-sources within motor vehicles, tire/road noise has emerged as the dominant component of traffic noise for speeds greater than 35-40 mph. Recent European studies have concluded that tire/road noise levels vary substantially according to pavement type [Herman and Bowlby 1993].
"TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 738: Evaluating Pavement Strategies and Barriers for Noise Mitigation presents a methodology for evaluating feasibility, reasonableness, effectiveness, acoustic longevity, and economic features of pavement strategies and barriers for noise mitigation. The methodology uses a life-cycle cost analysis to examine the economic features of mitigation alternatives, the FHWA Traffic Noise Model to integrate the noise reduction performance of pavements and barriers, and on-board sound intensity measurements as an input to the prediction model. The appendixes contained in the research agency's final report provide elaborations and detail on several aspects of the research. The appendixes are not included with the print version of the report, but are available online." --Publisher description.
This report contains guidelines and recommendations for managing and designing for friction on highway pavements. The contents of this report will be of interest to highway materials, construction, pavement management, safety, design, and research engineers, as well as others concerned with the friction and related surface characteristics of highway pavements.
The adverse impacts from excess noise on human health and daily activities have accelerated at an alarming rate over the last few decades. This has prompted significant research into noise attenuation and mitigation of these unwanted effects. This book is a collection of works from eminent researchers from around the world, who address the aforementioned issues. It provides the most up-to-date information on current work being conducted in the field of noise pollution and is of value to a wide range of students, engineers, scientists and industry consultants who wish to further understand current methodologies and emerging concepts.
All phases of road developmentâ€"from construction and use by vehicles to maintenanceâ€"affect physical and chemical soil conditions, water flow, and air and water quality, as well as plants and animals. Roads and traffic can alter wildlife habitat, cause vehicle-related mortality, impede animal migration, and disperse nonnative pest species of plants and animals. Integrating environmental considerations into all phases of transportation is an important, evolving process. The increasing awareness of environmental issues has made road development more complex and controversial. Over the past two decades, the Federal Highway Administration and state transportation agencies have increasingly recognized the importance of the effects of transportation on the natural environment. This report provides guidance on ways to reconcile the different goals of road development and environmental conservation. It identifies the ecological effects of roads that can be evaluated in the planning, design, construction, and maintenance of roads and offers several recommendations to help better understand and manage ecological impacts of paved roads.
This volume contains contributions from international experts, reflecting the rapid advances in the design of new improved bitumen and hydraulic bound composites, the trends in the use of waste and recycled materials and up-to-date methods of testing and evaluation.