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This book discusses conventional as well as unconventional wood drying technologies. It covers fundamental thermophysical and energetic aspects and integrates two complex thermodynamic systems, conventional kilns and heat pumps, aimed at improving the energy performance of dryers and the final quality of dried lumber. It discusses advanced components, kiln energy requirements, modeling, and software and emphasizes dryer/heat pump optimum coupling, control, and energy efficiency. Problems are included in most chapters as practical, numerical examples for process and system/components calculation and design. The book presents promising advancements and R&D challenges and future requirements.
Drying of solids is one of the most common, complex, and energy-intensive industrial processes. Conventional dryers offer limited opportunities to increase energy efficiency. Heat pump dryers are more energy and cost effective, as they can recycle drying thermal energy and reduce CO2, particulate, and VOC emissions due to drying. This book provides an introduction to the technology and current best practices and aims to increase the successful industrial implementation of heat pump- assisted dryers. It enables the reader to engage confidently with the technology and provides a wealth of information on theories, current practices, and future directions of the technology. It emphasizes several new design concepts and operating and control strategies, which can be applied to improve the economic and environmental efficiency of the drying process. It answers questions about risks, advantages vs. disadvantages, and impediments and offers solutions to current problems. Discusses heat pump technology in general and its present and future challenges. Describes interesting and promising innovations in drying food, agricultural, and wood products with various heat pump technologies. Treats several technical aspects, from modeling and simulation of drying processes to industrial applications. Emphasizes new design concepts and operating and control strategies to improve the efficiency of the drying process.
Heat Recovery with Commercial, Institutional, and Industrial Heat Pumps presents the basic concepts and thermodynamic behavior of mechanical vapor compression and recompression. It covers both ammonia water absorption and compression/resorption heat pumps. Including theoretical and practical approaches, the book features numerous solved exercises based on real thermodynamic and climatic parameters and case studies with takeaways from on-site experiences to help the reader better identify the advantages and limitations of each heat pumping technology. The book discusses future implementations of heat recovery heat pump technologies that are among the most energy-efficient and environmentally friendly techniques. This book will interest graduate students studying HVAC, thermal systems, and heat pumps. It will also benefit professionals working with heat pumps, industrial process engineers, manufacturers, and research and design personnel.
Drying of solids is one of the most common, complex, and energy-intensive industrial processes. Conventional dryers offer limited opportunities to increase energy efficiency. Heat pump dryers are more energy and cost effective, as they can recycle drying thermal energy and reduce CO2, particulate, and VOC emissions due to drying. This book provides an introduction to the technology and current best practices and aims to increase the successful industrial implementation of heat pump- assisted dryers. It enables the reader to engage confidently with the technology and provides a wealth of information on theories, current practices, and future directions of the technology. It emphasizes several new design concepts and operating and control strategies, which can be applied to improve the economic and environmental efficiency of the drying process. It answers questions about risks, advantages vs. disadvantages, and impediments and offers solutions to current problems. Discusses heat pump technology in general and its present and future challenges. Describes interesting and promising innovations in drying food, agricultural, and wood products with various heat pump technologies. Treats several technical aspects, from modeling and simulation of drying processes to industrial applications. Emphasizes new design concepts and operating and control strategies to improve the efficiency of the drying process.
This five-volume series provides a comprehensive overview of all important aspects of modern drying technology, concentrating on the transfer of cutting-edge research results to industrial use. Volume 4 deals with the reduction of energy demand in various drying processes and areas, highlighting the following topics: Energy analysis of dryers, efficient solid-liquid separation techniques, osmotic dehydration, heat pump assisted drying, zeolite usage, solar drying, drying and heat treatment for solid wood and other biomass sources, and sludge thermal processing.
With more than 12M tons of dairy powders produced each year at a global scale, the drying sector accounts to a large extent for the processing of milk and whey. It is generally considered that 40% of the dry matter collected overall ends up in a powder form. Moreover, nutritional dairy products presented in a dry form (eg, infant milk formulae) have grown quickly over the last decade, now accounting for a large share of the profit of the sector. Drying in the Dairy Industry: From Established Technologies to Advanced Innovations deals with the market of dairy powders issues, considering both final product and process as well as their interrelationships. It explains the different processing steps for the production of dairy powders including membrane, homogenisation, concentration and agglomeration processes. The book includes a presentation of the current technologies, the more recent development for each of them and their impact on the quality of the final powders. Lastly, one section is dedicated to recent innovations and methods directed to more sustainable processes, as well as latter developments at lab scale to go deeper in the understanding of the phenomena occurring during spray drying. Key Features: Presents state-of-the-art information on the production of a variety of different dairy powders Discusses the impact of processing parameters and drier design on the product quality such as protein denaturation and viability of probiotics Explains the impact of drying processes on the powder properties such as solubility, dispersibility, wettability, flowability, floodability, and hygroscopicity Covers the technology, modelling and control of the processing steps This book is a synthetic and complete reference work for researchers in academia and industry in order to encourage research and development and innovations in drying in the dairy industry.
Rotary Drum: Fluid Dynamics, Dimensioning Criteria, and Industrial Applications provides in-depth analysis of fluid dynamics in rotary drums. In addition, it provides analysis on the different configurations, including nonconventional ones, diverse industrial applications, and comparison with competing dryer types, as well as the modeling of these devices. Covering important aspects of fluid dynamics in rotary drums, which directly influence the drying performance, the book also considers the significant cost of conventional rotary dryers. It takes into account the scale-up of rotary dryers and the control of product quality during processing, which can leave the final product overdried and overheated, wasting thermal energy. The book serves as a useful reference for researchers, graduate students, and engineers in the field of drying technology.
Still the Most Complete, Up-To-Date, and Reliable Reference in the FieldDrying is a highly energy-intensive operation and is encountered in nearly all industrial sectors. With rising energy costs and consumer demands for higher quality dried products, it is increasingly important to be aware of the latest developments in industrial drying technolog