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This unique Handbook examines the impacts on, and responses to, economic geography explicitly from the perspective of the behaviour, mechanics, systems and experiences of different firms in various types of industries. The industry studies approach all
"A comprehensive and highly readable review of the conceptual underpinnings of economic geography. Students and professional scholars alike will find it extremely useful both as a reference manual and as an authoritative guide to the numerous theoretical debates that characterize the field." - Allen J. Scott, University of California "Guides readers skilfully through the rapidly changing field of economic geography... The key concepts used to structure this narrative range from key actors and processes within global economic change to a discussion of newer areas of research including work on financialisation and consumption. The result is a highly readable synthesis of contemporary debates within economic geography that is also sensitive to the history of the sub-discipline." - Sarah Hall, University of Nottingham "The nice thing about this text is that it is concise but with depth in its coverage. A must have for any library, and a useful desk reference for any serious student of economic geography or political economy." - Adam Dixon, Bristol University Organized around 20 short essays, Key Concepts in Economic Geography provides a cutting edge introduction to the central concepts that define contemporary research in economic geography. Involving detailed and expansive discussions, the book includes: An introductory chapter providing a succinct overview of the recent developments in the field. Over 20 key concept entries with comprehensive explanations, definitions and evolutions of the subject. Extensive pedagogic features that enhance understanding including figures, diagrams and further reading. An ideal companion text for upper-level undergraduate and postgraduate students in economic geography, the book presents the key concepts in the discipline, demonstrating their historical roots and contemporary applications to fully understand the processes of economic change, regional growth and decline, globalization, and the changing locations of firms and industries. Written by an internationally recognized set of authors, the book is an essential addition to any geography student′s library.
Rising densities of human settlements, migration and transport to reduce distances to market, and specialization and trade facilitated by fewer international divisions are central to economic development. The transformations along these three dimensions density, distance, and division are most noticeable in North America, Western Europe, and Japan, but countries in Asia and Eastern Europe are changing in ways similar in scope and speed. 'World Development Report 2009: Reshaping Economic Geography' concludes that these spatial transformations are essential, and should be encouraged. The conclusion is not without controversy. Slum-dwellers now number a billion, but the rush to cities continues. Globalization is believed to benefit many, but not the billion people living in lagging areas of developing nations. High poverty and mortality persist among the world's 'bottom billion', while others grow wealthier and live longer lives. Concern for these three billion often comes with the prescription that growth must be made spatially balanced. The WDR has a different message: economic growth is seldom balanced, and efforts to spread it out prematurely will jeopardize progress. The Report: documents how production becomes more concentrated spatially as economies grow. proposes economic integration as the principle for promoting successful spatial transformations. revisits the debates on urbanization, territorial development, and regional integration and shows how today's developers can reshape economic geography.
The authors show how a common approach that emphasizes the three-way interaction among increasing returns, transportation costs, and the movement of productive factors can be applied to a wide range of issues in urban, regional, and international economics. Since 1990 there has been a renaissance of theoretical and empirical work on the spatial aspects of the economy—that is, where economic activity occurs and why. Using new tools—in particular, modeling techniques developed to analyze industrial organization, international trade, and economic growth—this "new economic geography" has emerged as one of the most exciting areas of contemporary economics. The authors show how seemingly disparate models reflect a few basic themes, and in so doing they develop a common "grammar" for discussing a variety of issues. They show how a common approach that emphasizes the three-way interaction among increasing returns, transportation costs, and the movement of productive factors can be applied to a wide range of issues in urban, regional, and international economics. This book is the first to provide a sound and unified explanation of the existence of large economic agglomerations at various spatial scales.
Historically, the economy includes several sectors (known as industries), that evolved in successive phases. The ancient economy was mainly based on subsistence farming. The industrial revolution lessened the role of subsistence farming, converting it to more extensive and monoculture forms of agriculture in the last three centuries. The economic growth took place mostly in mining, construction and manufacturing industries. The book titled "Human and Economic Geography" is the book that covers directly the field related to the human activities that involving production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods and services as a whole. The book gives the general idea, skills, knowledge and understanding about all human activities, and investment as core variable components in economic development. The book explains on the sectors of economic activity namely; primary, secondary and tertiary sectors. Human and Economic geography is the branch of geography deals with all types of human activities undertaken by people in the universe for economic developments In the economies of modern consumer societies there is a growing part played by services, finance, and technology (the knowledge economy). In modern economies, there are four main sectors of economic activity: Primary sector of the economy: Involves the extraction and production of raw materials, such as corn, coal, wood and iron. (A coal miner and an angler would be workers in the primary sector). Secondary sector of the economy: Involves the transformation of raw or intermediate materials into goods e.g. manufacturing steel into cars, or textiles into clothing. (A builder and a dressmaker would be workers in the secondary sector.) Tertiary sector of the economy: Involves the provision of services to consumers and businesses, such as babysitting, cinema and banking. (A shopkeeper and an accountant would be workers in the tertiary sector). Quaternary sector of the economy: Involves the research and development needed to produce products from natural resources. (A logging company might research ways to use partially burnt wood to be processed so that the undamaged portions of it can be made into pulp for paper.) Note that education is sometimes included in this sector. The work in this book is a scholarly work that contain case and focal studies from different countries of the world in which gives information far from being a mere descriptive compilation of facts derived from different sources. There are much new information available never known and acquired that concerning about Human and Economic Geography with solutions to impacts caused by human activities. The book is comprehensive, and easy to use; invaluable references in the book deriver the tools needed in bringing clear understanding in human and economic geography. The work of the book contains thirteen (13) chapters, which all comprises a detailed explanations and trial questions in each chapter. All The thirteen chapters are identified as follows: Introduction to human activities Agricultural sector (both crops and animal keeping) Mining activities Tourism industry, Transport Water management for economic development, Sustainable use of forest Sustainable use of sources of energy power Manufacturing industries Introduction to research Settlement Environmental issues and management Climatic regions of the world All the mention chapters above are clearly elaborated inside of the book (Human and Economic Geography), which has been prepared to meet the needs of the pupils, students, facilitators, and all geographers in general; because it has a lot of questions and example which influences cognitive and practical assessment in all level of education. The author have written and published two books; namely: "Secrets of Success In Entrepreneurship" and "Human population and Development." Both of the two books are available in digital and Printable form on Amazon Company.
Competition for industrial investment at the regional and local levels is weakening not only national borders, but also traditional assumptions and methods for analyzing the spatial distribution of industry and trade. Researchers and practitioners in urban and regional planning, geography, and economics--mostly from Europe but also the US and Japan--describe new approaches, based on such factors as the behavior of individual firms, the behavior of multinational and multiplant firms, and the influence of the local economic environment. They do not try to synthesize the various approaches, but point out the strengths and weaknesses of each in particular situations and for particular purposes. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
This book focuses on the theme of the mutually constitutive relations between geographic space and the economic order. Three principle lines of investigation are identified and explored. First, Allen J. Scott sketches out the general theory of the division of labour and the ways in which it is reflected in geographic patterns of specialization and interaction. He examines, in particular, the role of the division of labour in the formation of large-scale agglomerations of economic activity and the ways in which their internal and external relationships are played out. Second, he considers the structure of geographic space as a fountainhead of creativity, learning, and innovation. A theory of the creative field is presented, and its application to the investigation of entrepreneurship, technological change, and the dynamics of the cultural economy is considered. Third, he offers an account of the regional question in less developed parts of the world. Here, he recovers some of the arguments of high development theory and shows how they can be revitalized in the light of a specifically geographic approach. These three lines of investigation are, of course, tightly intertwined with one another. The argument in general demonstrates that geographic space is not just an inert dimension in which the economy unfolds, but plays an active role in the eventuation of economic outcomes. This state of affairs raises many difficult policy questions about growth and development in both more and less economically advanced countries. Some of the more important of these questions are also broached in the book.
The purpose of this book is to provide a guided tour through the theoretical foundations of spatial locations of firms and industries in an evolutionary economic framework. It addresses the issues of how a location of business in geographical space is selected and where economic activity may (re)locate in the future. The analysis is in the context
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The goal of this book is to provide the student with a rigorous introduction to a diverse but logically consistent set of analytical models of the spatial decisions and interactions that drive the evolution of the economic landscape.