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Making sense of a complex topic, Incrementalism and Public Policy is a comprehensive overview of the best-known policy-making models-Lindblom's incrementalism, the Madisonian model, the responsible parties model, group theory, and the privileged position of business in capitalist societies-and a detailed discussion of the possibilities for nonincremental change. Divided into two parts, Part I highlights the major models of policy-making in chapter length assessments, while Part II develops two original typologies that identify the circumstances under which major policy change occurs. This work also systematically presents and analyzes competing theories of incrementalism and nonincrementalism in policy-making and features case studies of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 and the attempts of Presidents Nixon and Carter to enact comprehensive welfare reform legislation. Incrementalism and Public Policy is a useful guide for both undergraduate and graduate students of political science.
Sustainable development is grounded in change: whether it's changing how we build our communities, how we design our transportation networks, grow our food, or build our homes. Current planning theories have a lot to say about how planning occurs, but not about how change occurs. This book introduces Transformative Incrementalism, a theory that explains the social processes involved in supporting innovative changes in sustainable communities of the future.
A sharp, original urban fantasy about a near-immortal secret society's battle to save itself—on the streets of Las Vegas.
How can societies still grappling over the common values and shared vision of their state draft a democratic constitution? This is the central puzzle of Making Constitutions in Deeply Divided Societies. While most theories discuss constitution-making in the context of a moment of revolutionary change, Hanna Lerner argues that an incrementalist approach to constitution-making can enable societies riven by deep internal disagreements to either enact a written constitution or function with an unwritten one. She illustrates the process of constitution-writing in three deeply divided societies - Israel, India and Ireland - and explores the various incrementalist strategies deployed by their drafters. These include the avoidance of clear decisions, the use of ambivalent legal language and the inclusion of contrasting provisions in the constitution. Such techniques allow the deferral of controversial choices regarding the foundational aspects of the polity to future political institutions, thus enabling the constitution to reflect a divided identity.
Jeff King argues in favour of constitutionalising social rights, and presents an incrementalist approach to judicial enforcement.
In this book Peter Schraeder offers the first comprehensive theoretical analysis of US foreign policy toward Africa in the postwar era. He argues that though we often assume that US policymakers 'speak with one voice', Washington's foreign policy is, however, derived from numerous centres of power which each have the ability to pull policy in different directions. The book describes the evolution of policy at three levels: Presidents and their close advisors; the bureaucracies of the executive branch; and Congress and African affairs interest groups. Most importantly, the evidence presented demonstrates that the nature of events in Africa has itself affected the operation of the US policymaking process, and the substance of US policy. Drawing on over 100 interviews, and detailed case studies in Zaire, Ethiopia-Somalia and South Africa, this book provides a unique analysis of the historical evolution of US foreign policy towards Africa from the 1940s to the 1990s.
This collection is the first book-length work in many years to provide new theoretical direction to budget theory. Written by several of the most respected people in budgeting, including Allen Schick, Naomi Caiden, and Lance LeLoup, it explores such current topics as the scope of budgeting, the degree and source of variation in budgeting, and changes in budgeting process over time. New Directions will help to build a framework that is less confining than incrementalism, and will stimulate and guide future research. Some of the essays deal with the implications of looking at budgeting from a multi-year perspective, and the importance of allocating sources other than money (such as personnel ceilings); others pose questions about what a budget theory should look like, and how many budget theories are needed.
This book examines how legislators have juggled their passions over abortion with standard congressional procedures, looking at how both external factors (such as public opinion) and internal factors (such as the ideological composition of committees and party systems) shape the development of abortion policy. Driven by both theoretical and empirical concerns, Scott H. Ainsworth and Thad E. Hall present a simple, formal model of strategic incrementalism, illustrating that legislators often have incentives to alter policy incrementally. They then examine the sponsorship of abortion-related proposals as well as their committee referral and find that a wide range of Democratic and Republican legislators repeatedly offer abortion-related proposals designed to alter abortion policy incrementally. Abortion Politics in Congress reveals that abortion debates have permeated a wide range of issues and that a wide range of legislators and a large number of committees address abortion.