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La pollution industrielle de l'eau varie suivant le niveau de développement des pays. Elle est souvent accentuée par la pénurie d'eau; au Burkina, seulement 850 m3 d'eau mobilisable par an et par habitant (le seuil est de 1000 m3). En plus 87% des eaux usées sont d'origine industrielle avec des impacts sur les écosystèmes, la santé des populations et l'économie. Pour trouver des incitatifs à la réduction de cette pollution, l'application de la théorie de Pigou relative à la détermination du taux de la taxe à partir des courbes marginales des dommages et d'épuration a montré ses limites. Cependant, au regard d'études de cas d'instruments économiques de réduction de la pollution de l'eau, un intervalle de taux de taxe pour quelques polluants a pu être défini pour une perspective d'application au Burkina et dans les pays de la sous-région. Un taux de taxation optimal a été choisi. Il permet de couvrir les coûts fixes et variables d'exploitation à la station d'épuration de Ouagadougou et de dégager un surplus pour l'investissement. Mais pour un impact, un modèle conceptuel d'une démarche de réduction de pollution industrielle de l'eau par la taxe a été proposé.
The development of a sociology of emotions is crucial to our understanding of social life as they hold the key to our understanding of social processes and sociological investigation. First published in 1997, Emotions in Social Life consolidates the sociology of emotions as a legitimate and viable field of enquiry. It provides a comprehensive assessment of the sociology of emotions using work from scholars of international stature, as well as newer writers in the field. It presents new empirical research in conjunction with innovative and challenging theoretical material, and will be essential reading for students of sociology, health psychology, anthropology and gender studies.
Le terme promotion de la santé en Afrique, près de 30 ans après l'adoption de la Charte d'Ottawa, continue d'avoir des connotations complètement hors du sens que lui confère cette charte. Cela n'est pas étonnant quand on sait que la notion de santé dans ce contexte africain équivaut à la lutte contre la maladie à travers les soins de santé dispensés par des professionnels de la santé dans des formations sanitaires et les hôpitaux. L'évolution que connait le continent depuis quelques décennies est de donner un peu plus de place à la communauté à travers les relais communautaires dans une participation communautaire vidée de son contenu, car le pouvoir n'est jamais passé entre les mains des communautés.C'est au vu de tout ceci que le présent ouvrage à sa raison d'être pour expliquer les fondements de l'autonomisation communautaire et de la promotion de la santé avec leur importance pour la région africaine en proie aux mauvais indicateurs de santé comparativement aux autres régions du monde.
World Development Indicators was launched in 1978 to give a statistical snapshot of the progress being made on a range of economic and social development issues and the challenges remaining, both at national level and aggregated globally. The 2005 edition of this annual publication includes over 80 tables and 800 indicators for 152 economies and 14 country groups, together with basic indicators for a further 55 economies, organised under six thematic headings, including the progress made towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals. Indicators cover a wide range of topics including poverty and inequality, population and migration, gender issues, health and education, housing and urbanisation, environment and sustainable development, pollution, the economy and trade, business and investment conditions. Most of the statistics are compiled from data provided by national statistical agencies. The publication is also available in CD-ROM formats for single-users (ISBN 0821360728) and multi-users (ISBN 0821360736).
Innovate Bristol highlights and celebrates those companies and individuals that are actively working at building a better tomorrow for all. Innovation Ecosystems thrive through the involvement and support of companies and individuals from all industries, which is why the Innovate series not only focuses on the innovators but also those people whom the Innovation Ecosystem, would not be able to thrive without.
This 2010 edition of Energy Technology Perspectives examines the extent to which an energy technology revolution is taking place, the key technologies that are emerging, the costs and benefits of these technologies, and policies needed to foster their use. ETP 2010 presents updated scenarios from the present to 2050 that show which new technologies will be most important in key sectors and in different regions of the world. It highlights the importance of finance to achieve change, examines the implications of the scenarios for energy security and looks at how to accelerate the deployment of low-carbon technologies in major developing countries. It presents roadmaps and transition pathways for spurring deployment of the most important clean technologies and for overcoming existing barriers. With extensive data, projections and analysis, Energy Technology Perspectives 2010 provides decision makers with the detailed information and insights needed to accelerate the switch to a more secure, low-carbon energy future.
The actual Code of conduct is also available (1996) (ISBN 9251038341).
Avoided deforestation can be characterized as the use of financial incentives to reduce rates of deforestation and forest degradation, with much of the focus on forests in tropical countries. While avoided deforestation, as a policy issue, is not new, the current debate in academic and policy circles on including it in future climate change mitigation strategies such as the Clean Development Mechanism is gathering pace – and this debate is only likely to intensify as negotiations continue over what should be included in the successor agreement to the Kyoto Protocol, which is set to expire in 2012. Up until now, however, the debate in terms of the scientific and economic implications of avoided deforestation has not been brought together. This book aims to bring together important research findings in the area along with their policy implications, whilst linking avoided deforestation to political economy as well as to the latest developments in environmental and natural resource economics.
"This report was written by a team led by Somik V. Lall"--P. xi.