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Recently, the adoption of information and communication technologies (ICT) has increasingly been recognized as crucial for economic prosperity, human development, and well-being, along with sustainable development. World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) Forum emphasizes the role of ICT adoption in sustainability, with due regard to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The research has largely documented favorable economic outcomes of increasing the use of ICT. However, the ecological dimensions of ICT have received the least attention in the literature. In effect, ICT has influenced human life from many perspectives including ecological aspects of life. The links of ICT with the environment are rather complex. On the one hand, ICT growth deteriorates the environment by increasing the production, use, and disposal of ICT products. For instance, increasing e-waste and larger use of energy in manufacturing cause adverse effects on the environment. The life cycle theory of ICT suggests that several stages of the life of ICT result in pollution. The life cycle of ICT-related products spans over “production, delivery, transport, use, and disposal”. On the other hand, ICT is considered a solution to reinforce environmental protection, mitigate the adverse impacts created in the environment by human activities, and address key environmental challenges such as climate change and sustainability.
Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are contributing both to environmental problems and to their solution. Will ICT producers, users and recyclers be the major polluters of tomorrow, or will 'Green IT' and a dematerialized information society save the climate? This book provides an in-depth analysis of the relationship between ICT and sustainable development, culminating in 15 recommendations - to producers, users and political decision makers - which show the way to a sustainable information society. Keywords: Information Technology, Environment, Sustainable Development, Environmental Informatics, Green IT, Green Computing, Data Centers, Energy Efficiency, Resource Productivity, Dematerialization, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), E-waste, Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), Recycling, Technological Complexity, Critical Information Infrastructure, Open Standards, Rebound Effect.
ICT Innovations for Sustainability is an investigation of how information and communication technology can contribute to sustainable development. It presents clear definitions of sustainability, suggesting conceptual frameworks for the positive and negative effects of ICT on sustainable development. It reviews methods of assessing the direct and indirect impact of ICT systems on energy and materials demand, and examines the results of such assessments. In addition, it investigates ICT-based approaches to supporting sustainable patterns of production and consumption, analyzing them at various levels of abstraction – from end-user devices, Internet infrastructure, user behavior, and social practices to macro-economic indicators. Combining approaches from Computer Science, Information Systems, Human-Computer Interaction, Economics, and Environmental Sciences, the book presents a new, holistic perspective on ICT for Sustainability (ICT4S). It is an indispensable resource for anyone working in the area of ICT for Energy Efficiency, Life Cycle Assessment of ICT, Green IT, Green Information Systems, Environmental Informatics, Energy Informatics, Sustainable HCI, or Computational Sustainability.
This study analyses the direct effects of information and communication technology (ICT) on environmental quality and its indirect effect through an interaction term with renewable energy consumption for 48 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries from 2005 to 2020. To this end, the study adopts panel pooled-OLS, fixed-effects, and random-effects models in conjunction with a more robust system-GMM. The findings reveal that increased energy use, urbanisation, and education dampen environmental quality over the investigated period while trade openness improves it. These outcomes suggest an urgent need to charter a viable route for environmental sustainability. More so, the study alludes that joint interaction between renewable energy and ICT diffusion spill-over improves the quality of the environment in SSA. This implies that the search for environmental sustainability is hidden in R&D-related investment in renewable energy technologies.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th IFIP World Information Technology Forum, WITFOR 2016, San José, Costa Rica, in September 2016. The 16 full papers and 6 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 45 submissions. Within the general theme ICT for Promoting Human Development and Protecting the Environment the papers are organized in the following topical sections encompassing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) recently adopted by the United Nations: ICT and cross-cutting development issues; ICT and environmental problems: ICT and human development problems; and ICT and economic development problems.
"This handbook coalesces worldwide investigations, thoughts, and practices in the area of Green ICT, covering the technical advances, methodological innovations, and social changes that result in enhancements and improvements in business strategies, social policies, and technical implementations"--Provided by publisher.
One of the few monitoring global trends related to information and communication technologies (ICTs) from a development perspective, this publication is a valuable reference for policymakers in developing countries. Special attention is given to ICTs in accelerating private sector development (PSD) in developing countries. Many national and donor strategies related to PSD fail to take adequate account of the ICT potential, which has greatly expanded thanks to changes in the global ICT landscape. Different facets of the ICT-PSD interface are explored, including: ICT infrastructure as a factor in the investment climate; ICT use by the private sector; the ICT sector as a part of the private sector, and finally, ICT use in interventions aimed at facilitating PSD.
Rattle's new book challenges key assumptions concerning the role of Internet and communication technologies (ICTs) in globalization processes. The author argues that while globalization is predicated upon a strong, extensive, and interconnected global ICT network of products, processes, and services, the real environmental and health benefits remain far from certain. ICTs have been promoted as the next economic wave with the potential to generate jobs, wealth, and prosperity to surpass that of the industrial era. It is assumed the environmental impacts will be negligible or even beneficial in this shift towards a service economy. Rattle investigates these current and expected trends in ICTs and their potential contribution to sustainable development. His book is an indispensable overview for researchers and instructors in globalization, Internet communication technologies, and environmental anthropology or sociology, as well as a resource for policy makers in environmental protection, sustainable development, sustainable consumption, and the social role of science and technology.
This book features original research and recent advances in ICT fields related to sustainable development. Based the International Conference on Networks, Intelligent systems, Computing & Environmental Informatics for Sustainable Development, held in Marrakech in April 2020, it features peer-reviewed chapters authored by prominent researchers from around the globe. As such it is an invaluable resource for courses in computer science, electrical engineering and urban sciences for sustainable development. This book covered topics including • Green Networks • Artificial Intelligence for Sustainability• Environment Informatics• Computing Technologies
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the role that environmental technology plays in the solution of environmental problems in cities, and discuss models and conditions that can facilitate the processes of selection, implementation and use of environmental technologies in and by cities. The technological component is perhaps one of the most important characteristics of modern cities. The dependence of humans on technology is in most cases a given, something that is not ignored in the sustainability debate. The development and implementation of new, “better” technologies is however hindered by the inertia that modern societies have and the influence of the dominant systems (e.g. economic systems based on growth, extraction of natural resources and environmental disturbance). So-called environmental technologies are not always able to efficiently compete against other technologies that are embedded in societies by lock-in mechanisms, e.g. learning by doing and using, scale economies, subsidies, and network externalities. Even with the “right” technologies, an exclusively techno-centered approach to sustainability can result in other problems, and it might reduce the sustainability debate and the cities’ role in it to discussions of an administrative nature. The actual role of local actors and their agency must be also considered in the models and frameworks directed at understanding sustainability transition processes. It is thus important to analyze the dynamics of technology selection, implementation, use and diffusion in cities from a stakeholders’ perspective as well. Not only is the availability of technology of interest for understanding the impact it has on the environment, but also the intensity of its use. This has resulted in increased attention from politicians and scholars on the so-called global cities (e.g. London, New York, Tokyo), which are characterized by their intense use of e.g. transport, security and surveillance, and information and communication. Paradigmatic models of sustainability can however be contested when the role of local actors, power and agency are considered in detail and not isolated from the context. Some authors recognize the need to address what they call “ordinary cities”, since focusing on the cities’ comparative level of development (be it political, economic or technological) hinders the possibility of bidirectional learning. In the end, sustainability is a “collective good,” which means that it is in everyone’s interest to coordinate efforts and learn from the best practices, regardless of where they come from. This thesis focuses on “ordinary cities,” and promises to offer conclusions that can contribute to a better understanding of how societies can learn from each other and how environmental technologies can have deeper and better results when implemented in different contexts than the ones where they were developed. Two questions related to the process of environmental-technology adaptation are addressed in this thesis: How do technology adaptation processes for the solution of urban environmental problems take place in cities? And how do cities benefit from environmental technologies? It is found that environmental technology is not only seen as a solution to environmental problems in cities, but every day more as a component of strategies to attract attention and compete for resources in national and international markets. Cities have different adaptation and learning strategies. This means that technological solutions have to be flexible and adaptive to local conditions, and allow for vernacular knowledge and past experiences to enrich their performance by facilitating their connection to existing systems. Learning between cities is important and necessary for global sustainability transitions. When it comes to environmental technology, this process is facilitated by strong proof-of-concept projects. Such projects are not only expected to be able to show their technical ability to solve a problem, but must also offer contextual connections to the problems faced by interested cities or potential implementers.