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Hyperspectral Imagery, or HSI, is a sophisticated, versatile intelligence gathering technology that could potentially enable the US military to make significant strides towards improving the preparation for and execution of its missions. Many of the difficulties in bringing the promise of HSI to fruition have very little to do with the technology itself. As will be discussed shortly, HSI technology has been successfully demonstrated in a variety of diverse applications. In point of fact, it is the versatility of HSI that may be hindering its implementation into the mainstream of the U.S. military's intelligence gathering capability. The objective of this paper is threefold. The first goal is to introduce the reader to both the technology itself and the myriad potential applications of Hyperspectral Imagery. The second goal is to realistically examine the challenges that HSI must overcome, specifically in the areas of how HSI fits into the world of joint vision, intelligence doctrine, and the intelligence cycle. Finally, the paper will provide a series of recommendations some focused on organizational issues and others on acquisition issues that will address the majority of the challenges faced by the intelligence community as they endeavor to incorporate an HSI capability into the U.S. intelligence community.
Hyperspectral Imagery, or HSI, is a sophisticated, versatile intelligence gathering technology that could potentially enable the US military to make significant strides towards improving the preparation for and execution of its missions. Many of the difficulties in bringing the promise of HSI to fruition have very little to do with the technology itself. As will be discussed shortly, HSI technology has been successfully demonstrated in a variety of diverse applications. In point of fact, it is the versatility of HSI that may be hindering its implementation into the mainstream of the U.S. military's intelligence gathering capability. The objective of this paper is threefold. The first goal is to introduce the reader to both the technology itself and the myriad potential applications of Hyperspectral Imagery. The second goal is to realistically examine the challenges that HSI must overcome, specifically in the areas of how HSI fits into the world of joint vision, intelligence doctrine, and the intelligence cycle. Finally, the paper will provide a series of recommendations some focused on organizational issues and others on acquisition issues that will address the majority of the challenges faced by the intelligence community as they endeavor to incorporate an HSI capability into the U.S. intelligence community.
Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) are an integral part of the US national critical infrastructure. They must be protected from hostile intent or use to the same level as any other military or commercial asset involved in US national security. However, from the Spratly Islands to Djibouti to heartland America, the expanding Chinese Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS / Drone) industry has outpaced the US technologically and numerically on all fronts: military, commercial, and recreational. Both countries found that there were large information security gaps in unmanned systems that could be exploited on the international cyber-security stage. Many of those gaps remain today and are direct threats to US advanced Air Assets if not mitigated upfront by UAS designers and manufacturers. The authors contend that US military / commercial developers of UAS hardware and software must perform cyber risk assessments and mitigations prior to delivery of UAS systems to stay internationally competitive and secure. The authors have endeavored to bring a breadth and quality of information to the reader that is unparalleled in the unclassified sphere. This book will fully immerse and engage the reader in the cyber-security considerations of this rapidly emerging technology that we know as unmanned aircraft systems (UAS). Topics covered include National Airspace (NAS) policy issues, information security, UAS vulnerabilities in key systems (Sense and Avoid / SCADA), collision avoidance systems, stealth design, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) platforms; weapons systems security; electronic warfare considerations; data-links, jamming operational vulnerabilities and still-emerging political scenarios that affect US military / commercial decisions.
The Navy has put forth a new construct for its strike forces that enables more effective forward deterrence and rapid response. A key aspect of this construct is the need for flexible, adaptive command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR) systems. To assist development of this capability, the Navy asked the NRC to examine C4ISR for carrier, expeditionary, and strike and missile defense strike groups, and for expeditionary strike forces. This report provides an assessment of C4ISR capabilities for each type of strike group; recommendations for C4ISR architecture for use in major combat operations; promising technology trends; and an examination of organizational improvements that can enable the recommended architecture.
Intelligence Collection by Robert M. Clark—one of the foremost authorities in the field—offers systematic and analytic coverage of the “how and why” of intelligence collection across its three major stages: the front end (planning), collection, and the back end (processing, exploitation, and dissemination). The book provides a fresh, logical, and easily understandable view of complex collection systems used worldwide. Its ground-breaking organizational approach facilitates understanding and cross-INT collaboration, highlighting the similarities and differences among the collection INTs. Part one explains how the literal INTs such as communications intelligence and cyber collection work. Part two focuses on nonliteral INTs including imagery, electronic intelligence, and MASINT. All chapters use a common format based on systems analysis methodology, detailing function, process, and structure of the collection disciplines. Examples throughout the book highlight topics as diverse as battlespace situational awareness, terrorism, weapons proliferation, criminal networks, treaty monitoring, and identity intelligence.
Authored by a panel of experts in the field, this book focuses on hyperspectral image analysis, systems, and applications. With discussion of application-based projects and case studies, this professional reference will bring you up-to-date on this pervasive technology, wether you are working in the military and defense fields, or in remote sensing technology, geoscience, or agriculture.
Hyperspectral Satellites and System Design is the first book on this subject. It provides a systematic analysis and detailed design of the entire development process of hyperspectral satellites. Derived from the author’s 25-year firsthand experience as a technical lead of space missions at the Canadian Space Agency, the book offers engineers, scientists, and decision-makers detailed knowledge and guidelines on hyperspectral satellite system design, trade-offs, performance modeling and simulation, optimization from component to system level, subsystem design, and implementation strategies. This information will help reduce the risk, shorten the development period, and lower the cost of hyperspectral satellite missions. This book is a must-have reference for professionals in developing hyperspectral satellites and data applications. It is also an excellent introductory book for early practitioners and students who want to learn more about hyperspectral satellites and their applications.
The book describes a system for visual surveillance using intelligent cameras. The camera uses robust techniques for detecting and tracking moving objects. The real time capture of the objects is then stored in the database. The tracking data stored in the database is analysed to study the camera view, detect and track objects, and study object behavior. These set of models provide a robust framework for coordinating the tracking of objects between overlapping and non-overlapping cameras, and recording the activity of objects detected by the system.
Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have been used in military operations for more than 60 years, with torpedoes, cruise missiles, satellites, and target drones being early examples.1 They have also been widely used in the civilian sector-for example, in the disposal of explosives, for work and measurement in radioactive environments, by various offshore industries for both creating and maintaining undersea facilities, for atmospheric and undersea research, and by industry in automated and robotic manufacturing. Recent military experiences with AVs have consistently demonstrated their value in a wide range of missions, and anticipated developments of AVs hold promise for increasingly significant roles in future naval operations. Advances in AV capabilities are enabled (and limited) by progress in the technologies of computing and robotics, navigation, communications and networking, power sources and propulsion, and materials. Autonomous Vehicles in Support of Naval Operations is a forward-looking discussion of the naval operational environment and vision for the Navy and Marine Corps and of naval mission needs and potential applications and limitations of AVs. This report considers the potential of AVs for naval operations, operational needs and technology issues, and opportunities for improved operations.