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Hundreds of millions of people use social technologies like Wikipedia, Facebook and YouTube every day, but what makes them work? And what is the next step? The Social Design of Technical Systems explores the path from computing revolution to social evolution. Based on the assumption that it is essential to consider social as well as technological requirements, as we move to create the systems of the future, this book explores the ways in which technology fits, or fails to fit, into the social reality of the modern world. Important performance criteria for social systems, such as fairness, synergy, transparency, order and freedom, are clearly explained for the first time from within a comprehensive systems framework, making this book invaluable for anyone interested in socio-technical systems, especially those planning to build social software. This book reveals the social dilemmas that destroy communities, exposes the myth that computers are smart, analyses social errors like the credit meltdown, proposes online rights standards and suggests community-based business models. If you believe that our future depends on merging social virtue and technology power, you should read this book.
Esta enciclopedia presenta numerosas experiencias y discernimientos de profesionales de todo el mundo sobre discusiones y perspectivas de la la interacción hombre-computadoras
Uncovers the growing and expanding phenomenon of human behavior, social constructs, and communication in online environments.
Much of the discussion about new technologies and social equality has focused on the oversimplified notion of a "digital divide." Technology and Social Inclusion moves beyond the limited view of haves and have-nots to analyze the different forms of access to information and communication technologies. Drawing on theory from political science, economics, sociology, psychology, communications, education, and linguistics, the book examines the ways in which differing access to technology contributes to social and economic stratification or inclusion. The book takes a global perspective, presenting case studies from developed and developing countries, including Brazil, China, Egypt, India, and the United States. A central premise is that, in today's society, the ability to access, adapt, and create knowledge using information and communication technologies is critical to social inclusion. This focus on social inclusion shifts the discussion of the "digital divide" from gaps to be overcome by providing equipment to social development challenges to be addressed through the effective integration of technology into communities, institutions, and societies. What is most important is not so much the physical availability of computers and the Internet but rather people's ability to make use of those technologies to engage in meaningful social practices.
This book shows how such a computational process functions, how great is its power and versatility, since it is possible to show how discoveries are made. In 1759, A. Smith realized that there must exist an additional powerful control mechanism behind Great Britain’s authority and government, explaining the extraordinary successes of Great Britain. He called this the Invisible Hand. Despite having used this term only 3 times, the idea evokes extreme scientific and political emotions to this day. If we apply a molecular model of computation, such as in in Adleman’s DNA computer, a computational model for the Invisible Hand can be built to show how it affects a society. It is a spontaneous, unconscious, distributed, noncontinuous computational process on the platform of minds of, e.g., people or ants. Knowing this mechanism, a future self-steering and self-optimization system for AI robot teams can be proposed, e.g., for construction sites and rescue operations.
The recent emergence and prevalence of social network applications, sensor equipped mobile devices, and the availability of large amounts of geo-referenced data have enabled the analysis of new context dimensions that involve individual, social, and urban context. Creating Personal, Social, and Urban Awareness through Pervasive Computing provides an overview of the theories, techniques, and practical applications related to the three dimensions of context awareness. Through the exploration of emerging research trends of pervasive computing, this book is beneficial to professors, students, researchers, and developers interested this latest development in the field of context-awareness and pervasive computing.
The 21st century has seen a number of advancements in technology, including the use of high performance computing. Computing resources are being used by the science and economy fields for data processing, simulation, and modeling. These innovations aid in the support of production, logistics, and mobility processes. Integrated Information and Computing Systems for Natural, Spatial, and Social Sciences covers a carefully selected spectrum of the most up to date issues, revealing the benefits, dynamism, potential, and challenges of information and computing system application scenarios and components from a wide spectrum of prominent disciplines. This comprehensive collection offers important guidance on the development stage of the universal solution to information and computing systems for researchers as well as industry decision makers and developers.
This two volume set (CCIS 623 and 634) constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference of Young Computer Scientists, Engineers and Educators, ICYCSEE 2016, held in Harbin, China, in August 2016. The 91 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 338 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on Research Track (Part I) and Education Track, Industry Track, and Demo Track (Part II) and cover a wide range of topics related to social computing, social media, social network analysis, social modeling, social recommendation, machine learning, data mining.
Peer-to-peer (P2P) computing is attracting enormous media attention, spurred by the popularity of file sharing systems such as Napster, Gnutella, and Morpheus. The peers are autonomous, or as some call them, first-class citizens. P2P networks are emerging as a new distributed computing paradigm for their potential to harness the computing power of the hosts composing the network and make their under-utilized resources available to others. Although researchers working on distributed computing, multiagent systems, databases and networks have been using similar concepts for a long time, it is only recently that papers motivated by the current P2P paradigm have started appearing in high-quality conferences and workshops. Research in agent systems in particular appears to be most relevant because, since their inception, multiagent systems have always been thought of as networks of peers. The multiagent paradigm can thus be superimposed on the P2P architecture, where agents embody the description of the task environments, the decision-support capabilities, the collective behavior, and the interaction protocols of each peer. The emphasis in this context on decentralization, user autonomy, ease and speed of growth that gives P2P its advantages also leads to significant potential problems. Most prominent among these problems are coordination, the ability of an agent to make decisions on its own actions in the context of activities of other agents, and scalability, the value of the P2P systems lies in how well they scale along several dimensions, including complexity, heterogeneity of peers, robustness, traffic redistribution, and so on. This volume presents the fully revised papers presented at the Third International Workshop on Agents and Peer-to-Peer Computing, AP2PC 2004, held in New York City on July 19, 2004 in the context of the Third International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (AAMAS 2004). The volume is organized in topical sections on P2P networks and search performance, emergent communities and social behaviours, semantic integration, mobile P2P systems, adaptive systems, agent-based resource discovery, as well as trust and reputation.