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This youth-sensitive value chain assessment aims to create a deeper understanding of where the opportunities for youth employment are in horticultural value chains in Rwanda and how these opportunities can be harnessed. The study also proposes recommendations for a youth employment strategy, presenting opportunities for employment creation at scale as well as short-, medium- and long-term strategies.
In Honduras, value chains analysis of agricultural products are scarce. In view of that, a value chain analysis is employed to analyze the scope of local strategies to access and secure continued participation of Honduran Asian vegetables producers and exporters in international markets. Within the framework of a qualitative research design, a comparative case study of two regions, Comayagua and Olancho where Asian vegetables sourced from Honduras are planted, was chosen. To provide a theoretical basis that guides the report and analysis of the study findings, five areas of the related literature were selected and critically reviewed: i) the horticultural sector in Honduras; ii) value chain approach focusing on theory of value chain governance; iii) transaction costs economics theory; iv) resource dependence theory; and v) social capital theory. Besides structured observations, document review, and visual data, the interview was chosen as the main method for collecting data in this study. The sample of informants was comprised by 59 respondents including producers, exporters, importers/wholesalers, government agencies, research agencies, input suppliers and a NGO. The analysis reveals several findings: i) Asian vegetables in Honduras were introduced by the private sector initiative influenced by the confluence of several distinctive elements but without direct intervention of the government; ii) local actors engage in contractual relations primarily to reduce the uncertainty involved in the exchange of Asian vegetables, whereas economizing on the main transaction costs iii) As a result of the existing lack of trust and power asymmetries, local actors still have not acknowledged the need for consensus and long-term perspective which would facilitate reaching a commitment of collaboration between them; iv) there is no clear chain leader, therefore evolution of the value chain of Asian vegetables is mainly defined by changes in importing country’s government regulatory framework and external factors; v) strategic public services are not adequately provided to local actors which affect their performance in the chain, especially of producers; and vi) the major demand driver of this food system is ethnicity and currently the major opportunity lies in selling to Asians consumers groups in the U.S.
Rapid urbanization and rising income levels in developing countries, such as Pakistan, changing diet habits, information and communication technologies, structural transformation in retail markets as well as export market opportunities are catalyzing dynamic change in horticulture value chains. This is causing a paradigm shift in the way horticulture products are produced, processed, and sold, both within domestic markets and in export markets across the globe. The emergence of local, regional, and global value chains is contributing to increasing engagement of the private sector in horticulture, as these firms and markets look for better quality, greater productivity, efficiency, and market penetration. At the same time, consumers demand for safety, quality, convenience and affordable prices is underlining the role of the private sector in the efficacy of the value chains.
Value chain based approaches offer tremendous scope for market-based improvements in production, productivity, rural economy diversification, and household incomes, but are often covered by literature that is too conceptual or heavily focused on analysis. This has created a gap in the information available to planners, practitioners, and value chain participants. Furthermore, few references are available on how these approaches can be applied specifically to developing agriculture in Africa. 'Building Competitiveness in Africa s Agriculture: A Guide to Value Chain Concepts and Applications' describes practical implementation approaches and illustrates them with scores of real African agribusiness case studies. Using these examples, the 'Guide' presents a range of concepts, analytical tools, and methodologies centered on the value chain that can be used to design, implement, and evaluate agricultural and agribusiness development initiatives. It stresses principles of market focus, collaboration, information sharing, and innovation. The 'Guide' begins by examining core concepts and issues related to value chains. A brief literature review then focuses on five topics of particular relevance to African agricultural value chains. These topics address challenges faced by value chain participants and practitioners that resonate through the many cases described in the book. The core of the book presents methodological tools and approaches that blend important value chain concepts with the topics and with sound business principles. The tools and case studies have been selected for their usefulness in supporting market-driven, private-sector initiatives to improve value chains. The 'Guide' offers 13 implementation approaches, presented within the implementation cycle of a value chain program, followed by descriptions of actual cases. Roughly 60 percent of the examples are from Africa, while the rest come from Europe, Latin America, and Asia. The 'Guide' offers useful guidance to businesspeople, policy makers, representatives of farmer or trade organizations, and others who are engaged in agro-enterprise and agribusiness development. These readers will learn how to use value chain approaches in ways that can contribute to sound operational decisions, improved market linkage, and better results for enterprise and industry development.
"This manual shows how value chain analysis (VCA) principles can be applied in developing countries, where time and funding is often restricted. It explains how to undertake affordable VCA that generate valid data and produce recommendations that will have impact"--
This publication is intended to assist field practitioners, youth organizations and other stakeholders to identify binding constraints and viable opportunities to youth engagement in value chains that can translate into greater youth inclusion. Considering youth heterogeneity and inequalities, the youth sensitive framework for value chain analysis gives guidance to assess factors that push and pull youth into employment and entrepreneurship in value chains. The youth-sensitive value chain (YSVC) analysis is a starting point for youth-inclusive agricultural value chain development, since it identifies entry points and key actions expected to bring about the desired increase in employment and business opportunities for youth within a more attractive agriculture sector.