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Au cours des deux derniers siècles, le champ des agronomies a été traversé par de nombreuses révolutions qui ont constitué autant de ruptures importantes. Alors que ces disciplines se trouvent aujourd'hui face à l'émergence de nouveaux paradigmes comme celui du développement durable, il était important d'amener agronomes et historiens à confronter leurs savoirs pour mieux analyser les changements sociaux et techniques qui ont découlé de ces ruptures. Si pour l'historien, les ruptures s'inscrivent essentiellement dans la durée, pour l'agronome, elles répondent davantage à des questions pratiques de production et de protection des espaces naturels. Et les sciences de l'agronomie ont beaucoup à gagner en intégrant le regard des historiens à leurs propres perceptions des hommes, des concepts et des techniques. Cet ouvrage présente le résultat des réflexions croisées de quelque trente spécialistes européens de ces deux disciplines, réunis à Montpellier deux cents ans après la parution du travail fondateur de Nicolas-Théodore de Saussure (1804).
Originally published in 1953, this book examines Anglo-French relations in the second half of the eighteenth century in the sphere of agricultural literature.
Cet ouvrage est une réédition numérique d’un livre paru au XXe siècle, désormais indisponible dans son format d’origine.
Set includes revised editions of some issues.
Only once we understand the long history of human efforts to draw sustenance from the land can we grasp the nature of the crisis that faces humankind today, as hundreds of millions of people are faced with famine or flight from the land. From Neolithic times through the earliest civilizations of the ancient Near East, in savannahs, river valleys and the terraces created by the Incas in the Andean mountains, an increasing range of agricultural techniques have developed in response to very different conditions. These developments are recounted in this book, with detailed attention to the ways in which plants, animals, soil, climate, and society have interacted. Mazoyer and Roudart’s A History of World Agriculture is a path-breaking and panoramic work, beginning with the emergence of agriculture after thousands of years in which human societies had depended on hunting and gathering, showing how agricultural techniques developed in the different regions of the world, and how this extraordinary wealth of knowledge, tradition and natural variety is endangered today by global capitialism, as it forces the unequal agrarian heritages of the world to conform to the norms of profit. During the twentieth century, mechanization, motorization and specialization have brought to a halt the pattern of cultural and environmental responses that characterized the global history of agriculture until then. Today a small number of corporations have the capacity to impose the farming methods on the planet that they find most profitable. Mazoyer and Roudart propose an alternative global strategy that can safegaurd the economies of the poor countries, reinvigorate the global economy, and create a livable future for mankind.