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This final report describes a survey by mail questionnaires of 2,993 colleges and universities to determine the uses each institution makes of television in their academic programs. The overall response rate was 94 percent, and the major findings indicated that approximately 71 percent of the institutions surveyed make some use of television, and 61 percent use television for instruction. Of those using it for instruction, 25 percent offer courses over television, and 36 percent use television to supplement existing courses. Findings reported in detail cover variations (1) among types of users, (2) among types of institutions, (3) between sole or primary TV outlets, (4) between consortium members and nonmembers, and (5) among past and future users. Included in the appendices are the survey instrument and responses to survey questions which cover the types and proportions of television use, the distributional outlets, courses offered over television, consortium membership, past and future uses of instructional television, and conditions related to the use of television for instruction. (Author/BK)
This publication¿the latest report from AAC&U¿s Liberal Education and America¿s Promise (LEAP) initiative¿defines a set of educational practices that research has demonstrated have a significant impact on student success. Author George Kuh presents data from the National Survey of Student Engagement about these practices and explains why they benefit all students, but also seem to benefit underserved students even more than their more advantaged peers. The report also presents data that show definitively that underserved students are the least likely students, on average, to have access to these practices.
The federal bureaucratic role -- The procedural process -- Policy actors' influence -- Strategies and powers of influence -- The role of policy actors' beliefs -- Higher education rulemaking in context -- The use and influence of technology
In the United States today, there are some 3,400 separately governed colleges and universities, amounting to a higher education industry with expenditures that constitute 2.8% of the gross national product. Yet, the economic issues affecting this industry have been paid relatively little attention. In this collection of eight essays, experts in economics and education bring economic analysis to bear on such underexamined topics as the nature of competition in higher education, higher education's use of resources, and who chooses to purchase what kind of education and why. In higher education, supply refers to such issues as government support for public colleges and universities, the means by which graduate programs allocate financial support to students, and the criteria that universities use for investing endowments. Demand pertains to patterns of student enrollment and to the government, business, and individual market for the service and research activities of higher education. Why are tuitions nearly the same among schools despite differences in prestige? How are institutions with small endowments able to compete successfully with institutions that have huge endowments? How are race and ethnicity reflected in enrollment trends? Where do the best students go? What choices among colleges do young people from low-income backgrounds face? This volume addresses these questions and suggests subjects for further study of the economics of higher education.
Student wellbeing is foundational to academic success. One recent survey of postsecondary educators found that nearly 80 percent believed emotional wellbeing is a "very" or "extremely" important factor in student success. Studies have found the dropout rates for students with a diagnosed mental health problem range from 43 percent to as high as 86 percent. While dealing with stress is a normal part of life, for some students, stress can adversely affect their physical, emotional, and psychological health, particularly given that adolescence and early adulthood are when most mental illnesses are first manifested. In addition to students who may develop mental health challenges during their time in postsecondary education, many students arrive on campus with a mental health problem or having experienced significant trauma in their lives, which can also negatively affect physical, emotional, and psychological wellbeing. The nation's institutions of higher education are seeing increasing levels of mental illness, substance use and other forms of emotional distress among their students. Some of the problematic trends have been ongoing for decades. Some have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting economic consequences. Some are the result of long-festering systemic racism in almost every sphere of American life that are becoming more widely acknowledged throughout society and must, at last, be addressed. Mental Health, Substance Use, and Wellbeing in Higher Education lays out a variety of possible strategies and approaches to meet increasing demand for mental health and substance use services, based on the available evidence on the nature of the issues and what works in various situations. The recommendations of this report will support the delivery of mental health and wellness services by the nation's institutions of higher education.
In recent decades, higher education systems and institutions have been called to respond to an unprecedented number of challenges. Major challenges emerged with the phenomenal increase in the demand for higher education and the associated massive expansion of higher education systems. In response universities were called to adopt planning and research methods that would enable them to identify and address the needs of a larger, more diverse student body. Higher education institutions began to place greater emphasis on planning and marketing, seeking to maintain their position in an increasingly competitive higher education market. Under the current economic downturn, universities are under pressure to further cut costs while maintaining their attractiveness to prospective students. As a result educational policy makers and administrators are called to select the ‘right’ alternatives, aiming for both efficiency and effectiveness in delivered outcomes. This book provides insights into the use of data as an input in planning and improvement initiatives in higher education. It focuses on uses (and potential abuses) of data in educational planning and policy formulation, examining several practices and perspectives relating to different types of data. The book is intended to address the need for the collection and utilization of data in the attempt to improve higher education both at the systemic and the institutional level.
This is the eBook of the printed book and may not include any media, website access codes, or print supplements that may come packaged with the bound book. Trends and Issues in Instructional Design and Technology, Third Edition, provides readers with a clear picture of the field of instructional design and technology, the trends and issues that have affected it in the past and present, and those trends and issues likely to affect it in the future. The text will prepare its readers to master the skills associated with IDT, clearly describe the nature of the field, familiarize themselves with the field's history and its current status, and describe recent trends and issues impacting on the field. Written by the leading figures in the field with contributions from Elizabeth Boling, Richard Clark, Ruth Clark, Walter Dick, Marcy Driscoll, Michael Hannafin, John Keller, James Klein, David Jonassen, Richard Mayer, David Merrill, Charles Reigeluth, Marc Rosenberg, Allison Rossett, Sharon Smaldino, Harold Stolovitch, Brent Wilson, Robert Reiser, John Dempsey, and many others, this book clearly defines and describes the rapidly converging fields of instructional design, instructional technology, and performance technology. Previous editions of this book have received outstanding book awardsfrom the Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT), the AECT Division of Design and Development, and the International Society for Performance Improvement (ISPI). The new edition features a plethora of updates including: eighteen new chapters, each of which focuses on an important recent trend or issue in the instructional design and technology (IDT) field: An updated view of such topics as whole task approaches to instructional design, motivational design, models of evaluation, performance support and informal learning, four new chapters addressing hot issues in IDT including ethics, diversity, accountability, the nature of the design process, and the appropriate amount of learner guidance that should be built into instruction; coverage of What IDT Professionals Do which introduces students to the wide variety of settings in which IDT professionals can practice their craft; a stronger emphasis and new research on how to design, deliver, and evaluate online instruction, with field-tested techniques for instructional design of online learning; and four new and two revised chapters with coverage of technologies that are changing the nature of the IDT field including advances in such areas as e-learning, social networking, game-based learning, and virtual worlds.
Report on educational expenditure for higher education in the USA, including recommendations for the more effective use of limited budgetary resources - covers educational wastage, university costs, teachers' wages, the utilization of faculty time, budgetary flexibility, possible financial aspects of a future decline in student enrolment, etc. References and statistical tables.
How do the benefits of higher education compare with its costs, and how does this comparison vary across individuals and institutions? These questions are fundamental to quantifying the productivity of the education sector. The studies in Productivity in Higher Education use rich and novel administrative data, modern econometric methods, and careful institutional analysis to explore productivity issues. The authors examine the returns to undergraduate education, differences in costs by major, the productivity of for-profit schools, the productivity of various types of faculty and of outcomes, the effects of online education on the higher education market, and the ways in which the productivity of different institutions responds to market forces. The analyses recognize five key challenges to assessing productivity in higher education: the potential for multiple student outcomes in terms of skills, earnings, invention, and employment; the fact that colleges and universities are “multiproduct” firms that conduct varied activities across many domains; the fact that students select which school to attend based in part on their aptitude; the difficulty of attributing outcomes to individual institutions when students attend more than one; and the possibility that some of the benefits of higher education may arise from the system as a whole rather than from a single institution. The findings and the approaches illustrated can facilitate decision-making processes in higher education.
Despite the promise of competency-based education (CBE), learner-centered issues related to support, retention, and program completion rates remain problematic. In addition, the infrastructure for higher education, including issues related to faculty (intellectual property, workload, and curriculum), pose barriers and challenges in the design, development, implementation, and delivery of CBE. In response, administrators, faculty, designers, and developers of competency-based experiences must incorporate innovative strategies that are foreign to the traditional institution. A strong emphasis on retention and graduation rates must surround the student with support, starting with the design and development of the CBE system. There are few resources that can help prepare instructional designers, advisors, academic administrators, and faculty to meet the many challenges of designing, developing, implementing, and managing CBE. Career Ready Education Through Experiential Learning is an essential reference book that includes strategies for design and development of competency-based education (CBE) programs, as well as administrative and delivery strategies as examples of how CBE can be implemented. Through a strong theoretical framework, chapters present the best practices, strategies, and practical tips as examples and scenarios that can be used in higher education settings. While highlighting education courses, programs, and lessons across various institutions and educational domains, this book is ideal for higher education administrators and policy designers/implementors, instructional designers, curriculum developers, faculty, public policy leaders, students in curriculum and instruction and instructional technology programs, along with researchers and practitioners interested in CBE and experiential learning in higher education.