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High-resolution continuum source atomic absorption spectrometry (HR-CS AAS) is the most revolutionary innovation since the introduction of AAS in 1955. Here, the authors provide the first complete and comprehensive discussion of HR-CS AAS and its application to the analysis of a variety of difficult matrices. Published just in time with the first commercial instrument available for this new technique, the book is a must for all those who want to know more about HR-CS AAS, and in particular for all future users. The advantages of the new technique over conventional line-source AAS are clearly demonstrated using practical examples and numerous figures, many in full color. HR-CS AAS is overcoming essentially all the remaining limitations of established AAS, particularly the notorious problem of accurate background measurement and correction. Using a continuum radiation source and a CCD array detector makes the spectral environment visible to several tenths of a nanometer on both sides of the analytical line, tremendously facilitating method development and elimination of interferences. Conceived as a supplement to the standard reference work on AAS by B. Welz and M. Sperling, this book does not repeat such fundamentals as the principles of atomizers or atomization mechanisms. Instead, it is strictly focused on new and additional information required to profit from HR-CS AAS. It presents characteristic concentration for flame atomization and characteristic mass data for electrothermal atomization for all elements, as well as listing numerous secondary lines of lower sensitivity for the determination of higher analyte concentrations. The highly resolved molecular absorption spectra of nitric, sulfuric and phosphoric acids, observed in an air-acetylene flame, which are depicted together with the atomic lines of all elements, make it possible to predict potential spectral interferences.
The thoroughly revised new edition of this best-seller, presents the wide use of AAS in numerous fields of application. The comparison between the different AAS techniques enables the reader to find the best solution for his analytical problem. Authors Bernhard Welz and Michael Sperling have succeeded in finding a balance between theoretical fundamentals and practical applications. The new chapter 'physical fundamentals' describes the basic principles of AAS. The development of AAS is now described in a separate chapter. Further new chapters are devoted to the latest developments in the field of flow injection and the use of computers for laboratory automation. Methodological progress e. g. speciation analysis is also covered in this new edition. The index and the extensive bibliography make this book a unique source of information. It will prove useful not only for analytical chemists, out also spectroscopists in industry, institutes, and universities. Atomic Absorption Spectrometry will also be invaluable for clinics and research institutes in the fields of biochemistry, medicine, food technology, geology, metallurgy, petrochemistry, and mineralogy.
Das umfassende Handbuch der Atomspektroskopie jetzt in sorgfältig überarbeiteter, noch besser organisierter zweiter Auflage! Ergänzt wurden Kapitel zu wichtigen neuen Verfahren wie der Plasma-Atomemissionsspektroskopie und der ICP-Massenspektrometrie. Fettgedruckte Stichworte, übersichtliche Diagramme und praktische Übungen erleichtern das Erarbeiten und Vertiefen des Stoffes. (02/98)
The analysis of solid materials by introducing solid test sampies directly into the graphite furnace of an atomic absorption spectrometer must be regarded as a powerful analytical approach. Even if it is - of course - not the "ultimate method". After three decades of development, the instrumentation and the methodology are available to apply solid sampling successfully for the analysis of almost every material. Moreover, several tasks cannot be solved using other analytical methods as neatly as they can using direct solid sampling. The conventional methods work more or less satisfactorily, so why do we sug gest applying solid sampling much more extensively than it is today? To begin with, the features pointed out time and again should be named: Rapidity of the analytical procedure, low susceptibility to analyte loss or contamination, very smallquantities can be analyzed, and expenditure on instrumentation and per sonell is also low. These properties are examined and the necessary conditions are discussed (Chapter 1) as are the analytical tasks (Chapter 6) for which use of this method is advantageous. Other features that are often overlooked are just as important: The simplicity of the analytical procedures allows the analyst to main tain an intimate relationship with the original scientific task that has to be solved with the analysis. Furthermore, the considerable reduction of working place haz ards and pollution by avoiding the use of chemical reagents must nowadays be assessed as a feature as important as the others.
This book describes both the theory of atomic spectroscopy and all the major atomic spectrometric techniques (AAS, Flame-AES, Plasma AES, AFS, and ICP-MS), including basic concepts, instrumentation and applications. Spectrochemical Analysis by Atomic Absorption and Emission is very wide in scope and will be extremely useful to both undergraduates and lecturers undertaking modern analytical chemistry courses. It contains many figures and tables which illuminate the text, covers various sample preparation methods and gives suggestions for further reading.
"One should rather go horne and mesh a net than jump into the pond and dive far fishes" (Chinese proverb) Recognizing the precise analytical question and planning the analysis according ly is certainly the first prerequisite for successful trace and ultratrace determina tions. The second prerequisite is to select the method appropriate to the analyti cal specification. The method itself consists of a set of available tools. The third prerequisite is that analysts and operators know the methods weH enough to enjoy challenging themselves as weH as the methods and are rewarded by the joy of high-quality data, fast and economical results and the conviction of having the analytical job under control. This skill is known among analysts or operators working with an exciting new and sometimes complicated analytical technique but is gradually lost on ce a technique becomes "mature" and a routine tool. Unfortunately, laboratory managers often do not allow sufficient training time for their analysts and technicians for "routine" techniques and thus miss an opportunity for motivating their co-workers and obtaining the full benefit of the equipment. Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) is one of the mature analytical techniques wh ich is seen as a routine method in most laboratories. More than 10,000 furnaces are operated in elemental trace and ultratrace analy ses in laboratories around the world today.
A practical guide to ICP emission spectrometry, updated with information on the latest developments and applications The revised and updated third edition of ICP Emission Spectrometry contains all the essential information needed for successful ICP OES analyses. In addition, the third edition reflects the most recent developments and applications in the field. Filled with illustrative examples and written in a user-friendly style, the book contains material on the instrumentation instructions on how to develop effective methods. Throughout the text, the author—a noted expert on the topic—incorporates typical questions and problems and provides checklists and detailed instructions for implementation. The third edition includes 10 new chapters that cover recent progress in both the application and methodology of the technology. New information on plasma, the optics, and the detector of the spectrometer is also highlighted. This revised third edition: Contains fresh chapters on the newest developments Presents several new chapters on plasma as well as the optics and the detector of the spectrometer Offers a helpful troubleshooting guide as well as examples of practical applications Includes myriad illustrative examples Written for lab technicians, students, environmental chemists, water chemists, soil chemists, soil scientists, geochemists, and materials scientists, ICP Emission Spectrometry, Third Edition continues to offer the basics for successful ICP OES analyses and has been updated with the latest developments and applications.
A comprehensive introduction to the theory underpinning our study of active galactic nuclei and the ways we observe them.
The Second Edition of Practical Gamma-Ray Spectrometry has been completely revised and updated, providing comprehensive coverage of the whole gamma-ray detection and spectrum analysis processes. Drawn on many years of teaching experience to produce this uniquely practical volume, issues discussed include the origin of gamma-rays and the issue of quality assurance in gamma-ray spectrometry. This new edition also covers the analysis of decommissioned nuclear plants, computer modelling systems for calibration, uncertainty measurements in QA, and many more topics.
This textbook covers the main tools and techniques used in bioanalysis, provides an overview of their principles, and offers several examples of their application and future trends in diagnosis. Chapters from expert contributors explore the role of bioanalysis in different areas such as biochemistry, physiology, forensics, and clinical diagnosis, including topics from sampling/sample preparation, chemometrics in bioanalysis to the latest techniques used in the field. Particular attention is given to the recent advances in the application of mass spectrometry, NMR, electrochemical methods and separation techniques in bioanalysis. Readers will also find more about the application of microchip-based devices and analytical microarrays. This textbook will appeal to graduate/advanced undergraduate students in Chemistry, Biology, Biochemistry, Pharmacy, and Chemical Engineering. It is also a useful resource for researchers and professionals working in the fields of biomedicine and veterinary sciences, with clear explanations and examples of how the different bioanalytical devices are applied for clinical diagnosis.