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This report was prepared to assist managers in the risk-managed application of expert systems (ES) technology. Two problems that have frustrated managers and technicians who might otherwise be interested in exploring ES solutions are the seeming lack of a software engineering discipline for creating and maintaining expert systems and the fact that the software development risks associated with expert systems have not been clearly addressed. This guide focuses on ES development as a software engineering endeavor and emphasizes that, as such, it should be subject to much the same discipline as conventional automated information system software. The guide is meant to be used in conjunction with accepted software development methods and standards, such as Department of Defense (DOD) Standards 2167A and 7935.1, DOD Directive 7920.1, DOD Instruction 7920.2, and the OSD Major Automated System Review Council (MAISRC) Guidelines for Program Managers. This document presents a step-by-step guideline that addresses the managerial and technical risks of each phase in the software development life cycle of systems that contain ES components.
Presents a step-by-step methodology for designing expert systems. Each chapter on design methodology starts with a problem and leads the reader through the design of a system which solves that problem.
An introductory guide to the use of the KADS method in building Knowledge Based Systems. The book includes: introduction to KADS; explanation of KADS Analysis and Design activities and results with use of examples; and libraries of models and other applications.
This document provides a summary of the presentations, discussions, conclusions and recommendations of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Expert Workshop on the Development of the Aquaculture Co-management Guidebook held in Manila, the Philippines from 9 to 11 October 2023. [Author] The workshop was prepared and coordinated by the FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Division with the support of the FAO representation in the Philippines. [Author] The main objectives of the workshop were to (i) enhance understanding of aquaculture co-management; (ii) identify key aquaculture co-management best practices, models and case studies; and (iii) undertake a thorough review and validation of the background document Guidebook for developing aquaculture co-management systems. [Author] During the workshop, participants were presented with the proposed content of the background document that was shared ahead of the event. [Author] They were then invited to discuss the content, validate it and provide input on a revised text. [Author] The expert input will be taken forward into the final draft of the Guidebook. [Author]
The broad objective of this conference series is to bring business, industry and researchers together to consider the current activities and future potential of artificial intelligence, encompassing both practical and theoretical issues. Many papers were submitted, including some from Canada, France, UK, USA, Sweden, Italy and Thailand.
This book argues that the key problems of software systems development (SSD) are socio-technical rather than purely technical in nature. Software systems are unique. They are the only human artefacts that are both intangible and determinant. This presents unprecedented problems for the development process both in determining what is required and how it is developed. Primarily this is a problem of communications between stakeholders and developers, and of communications within the development team. Current solutions are not only inadequate in expressing the technical problem, they also evade the communications problems almost entirely. Whilst the book addresses the theoretical aspects of the process, its fundamental philosophy is anchored in the practical problems of everyday software development. It therefore offers both a better understanding of the problems of SSD and practical suggestions of how to deal with those problems. It is intended as a guide for practising IT project managers, particularly those who are relatively new to the position or do not have a strong IT development background. The book will also benefit students in computing and computer-related disciplines who need to know how to develop high quality systems. Software systems development (particularly of large projects) has a notoriously poor track record of delivering projects on time, on budget, and of meeting user needs. Proponents of software engineering suggest that this is because too few project managers actually comply with the disciplines demanded of the process. It is time to ask the question, if this is the case, why might this be? Perhaps instead, it is not the project managers who are wrong, but the definition of the process. The new understanding of the SSD presented here offers alternative models that can help project managers address the difficulties they face and better achieve the targets they are set. This book argues that time is up for the software engineering paradigm of SSD and that it should be replaced with a socio-technical paradigm based on open systems thinking.