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This book deals with the British discovery of Sikhs, their literature and history. Further, it reminds us of the Sikh political success after the occupation of Lahore by Ranjit Singh in 1799. True that the British enquiry was diplomatic and military during the 18th century. However, the Anglo-Sikh relations after the fall of Delhi and Hansi into the hands of the Company in 1803 and more so the Anglo-Sikh Treaties of January 1806 and April 1809 widened the scope of the enquiry. With Malcolm's work published in 1810, the Punjabi and Sikh writings especially the Bani of the Gurus or its elaborations by the Bhai's such as Gurdass and Mani Singh entered the field under investigation. Sikh History and Religion emerged as a common genre by the middle of the 19th century. J.D.Cunningham gave a firm basis to this genre, though H.H.Wilson had acted differently in 1848 because he was a Sanskritist. The use of Bani, Sakhi and Rahit by the British, the Christian Missions, the early Sikh reformers like the Nirankaris and the Namdharis necessitated the further use of Sikh Scriptures, Hukamnama, and Ardasan carrying letters of Baba Ram Singh (1872-1885). In fact, by 1857 the idea of having the Sikh holy granths translated into English was – conceived by the British. The first attempt in this regard took twenty years i.e. 1857-1877. The attempt was official and made through Trumpp. These twenty years also saw the printing of the Adi Granth in the Damdama Bir twice i.e. in 1864 and 1868 in Lahore. A Janam-Sakhi (Bhai Bala version) was also printed. The book reveals how and why the political patronage and use of the Golden Temple, Amritsar, continued under the British despite the Sikh awakening and protest against it by the Namdhari Movement, and the Singh Sabha Lehar between 1863 and 1919. In addition to Golden Temple, Sikh Literature and History had drawn colonial attention through Griffin and M.A.Macauliffe (1868-1909) for political purposes. In fact, the Gadhar and the Babbar Akalis between 1914 and 1923 gave a close relationship to the Militant Khalsa tradition and the anti-British Nationalism in Punjab. How Sikh militancy and communalism proved harmful to the cause of the Freedom Movement in, and for, Punjab is an important but different theme. This book is silent about the Great Divide of 1947 or the poetry of Iqbal during the 1920's and 1930's. Riots and the bitter communal strife was the sin to be told by the short stories of Manto. The sin needs further exploring by the political thinkers and writers of South Asia.
From its founding in 1588, the Golden Temple has come to symbolise the epitome of Sikh architecture as well as the undying love of its devotees. The complex that developed around it was the Sikhs' very own 'Vatican City'. In its heyday in the early 1800s it was also highly regarded as a centre of learning and a beacon for those in search of spiritual and educational enlightenment. Around it developed a bustling multicultural town that became a prominent stop on the Silk Route and a major commercial hub of north western India. This unique volume highlights the temple's unparalleled beauty and changing fortunes during a golden era of peace, prosperity and patronage. Its vast collection of paintings, sketches, lithographs and photographs have been painstakingly sourced from archives around the world. They are complemented by intriguing quotes from 70 eyewitness accounts, ranging from the earliest discovered in 1808 - a report by a one-legged British spy - right up to that of an awestruck Hollywood heartthrob, Lew Ayres, in search of the exotic and esoteric in 1959.
History as a social science is arguably more self-reflective than associated disciplines in that family. Other social scientists seem to see little reason to look beyond the paradigm they are developing in the present times. Historians on the other hand, tend to depend on the cumulative process of the development of their craft and the fund of accumulated knowledge. Yet, while this is acknowledged in the practice of research, Historiography in itself as a subject of study has rarely found its place in the syllabi of Indian universities. Knowledge of Historiography is taken for granted when a scholar plunges into research. In an attempt to address this lacuna, the Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR) has planned a series of volumes on Historiography comprising articles by subject specialists commissioned by the ICHR. The first volume in the series, Approaches to History: Essays in Indian Historiography brings to the readers the first fruits of that endeavour. While the essays encompass areas of research presently at the frontiers of new research, scholars will also find the bibliographies accompanying the essays of significant appeal.
Golden Temple: Marvel of Sikh Architecture by Dr SS Bhatti is based on the author¿s doctoral thesis for his third PhD from Panjab University, Chandigarh. This work on the Golden Temple is the first one of its kind in that it has been done by a professional whose research and creative contribution in the three fields of Architecture, Engineering, and Aesthetics is quite well known. The author has developed a new method of studying historical monuments, and of establishing their distinct styles on the basis of illustrated analysis of the three fundamental elements of building design: space, structure, and form. Dr Bhatti has convincingly shown how Sikh Architecture is an independent style of building design, which has produced the Golden Temple, Amritsar: a marvel of Sikh Architecture with its characteristic ebullience and aesthetic charm. This book is a definitive work on the theory and practice of building design with a befitting research methodology, which should benefit students, teachers, practitioners, and scholars alike worldwide.
The International Bibliography of Sikh Studies brings together all books, composite works, journal articles, conference proceedings, theses, dissertations, project reports, and electronic resources produced in the field of Sikh Studies until June 2004, making it the most complete and up-to-date reference work in the field today. One of the youngest religions of the world, Sikhism has progressively attracted attention on a global scale in recent decades. An increasing number of scholars is exploring the culture, history, politics, and religion of the Sikhs. The growing interest in Sikh Studies has resulted in an avalanche of literature, which is now for the first time brought together in the International Bibliography of Sikh Studies. This monumental work lists over 10,000 English-language publications under almost 30 subheadings, each representing a subfield in Sikh Studies. The Bibliography contains sections on a wide variety of subjects, such as Sikh gurus, Sikh philosophy, Sikh politics and Sikh religion. Furthermore, the encyclopedia presents an annotated survey of all major scholarly work on Sikhism, and a selective listing of electronic and web-based resources in the field. Author and subject indices are appended for the reader’s convenience.
In a revised edition of his original book, J. S. Grewal brings the history of the Sikhs from its beginnings in the time of Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, right up to the present day. Against the background of the history of the Punjab, the volume surveys the changing pattern of human settlements in the region until the fifteenth century and the emergence of the Punjabi language as the basis of regional articulation. Subsequent chapters explore the life and beliefs of Guru Nanak, the development of his ideas by his successors and the growth of his following. The book offers a comprehensive statement on one of the largest and most important communities in India today.