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Revised version of papers presented at a seminar.
The eighth in the series of books on language and development, this book brings out the political and linguistic dimensions of multilingualism in India. Professor Annamalai addresses three main issues: - what maintains multilingual speech communities and how this maintenance is promoted - what is progress in such communities and whom does it exclude - the impact of multilingualism on the purity norms of languages The author establishes that acquisition of multilingualism takes place through two processes. First, through formal schooling restricted to the elite, and second, through primary and secondary socialization at home and at the work place which is where majority learning takes place. He explains power relations in multilingualism by pointing out that for social purposes, code switching between languages constantly takes place for economic, social and political gains, though this does not necessarily imply that the less dominant language merges with the more dominant one. In fact, the opposite takes place for political gains. Professor Annamalai points out that the hierarchical relation between languages arises due to failure in planning, where the key actors in policy making use the provisions in the constitution for political gain, thus promoting preservation of a separate identity rather that language growth. The book finally explores the Code Use Groups, studying the grammatical neighbourhood of languages, and looks at the hexical insertion, language factor and linguistic determinants of code mixing.
Contributed articles.
This book discusses some of the basic issues relating to corpus generation and the methods normally used to generate a corpus. Since corpus-related research goes beyond corpus generation, the book also addresses other major topics connected with the use and application of language corpora, namely, corpus readiness in the context of corpus sanitation and pre-editing of corpus texts; the application of statistical methods; and various text processing techniques. Importantly, it explores how corpora can be used as a primary or secondary resource in English language teaching, in creating dictionaries, in word sense disambiguation, in various language technologies, and in other branches of linguistics. Lastly, the book sheds light on the status quo of corpus generation in Indian languages and identifies current and future needs. Discussing various technical issues in the field in a lucid manner, providing extensive new diagrams and charts for easy comprehension, and using simplified English, the book is an ideal resource for non-native English readers. Written by academics with many years of experience teaching and researching corpus linguistics, its focus on Indian languages and on English corpora makes it applicable to graduate and postgraduate students of applied linguistics, computational linguistics and language processing in South Asia and across countries where English is spoken as a first or second language.