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Master's Thesis from the year 2008 in the subject Sociology - Culture, Technology, Nations, grade: 56, University of Birmingham (School of Government and Society (formerly School of Public Policy)), course: Rural Development (International), language: English, abstract: This dissertation has found that providing services such as infrastructure and welfare services to groups of people who are on the move, has historically been very difficult. Providing services such as education, to a society which is either migratory or just beginning to stabilize, and does not value education, particularly for girls, is seemingly difficult. The Tanzanian Maasai people are the perfect example of such a society. Many problems adversely affect their girls’ enrolment, regular attendance and performance in school: lack of schools, the distance they must walk to go to school, a dangerous environment to walk through, fees, lack of food, poor standards of education in the schools, lack of classrooms, books, desks, teachers and learning supplies, also the transhumant nature of the society and the customs and culture of the community. All these factors are found to greatly affect both boys and girls, but have the greatest impact on girls. However, the Emusoi Center has provided an approach for keeping these girls in school by involving pastoralist NGOs, churches, government leaders and members of parliament from the pastoralist area. Religious leaders identify possible students, government and Parliament Members use their power to ensure parents allow their girls to attend school, especially in instances where the girls are forced into marriage. The Center monitors the students’ progress at the end of every term and maintains a close contact with the schools in order to follow up the students’ progress. The Center also involves students who have finished their O-level studies as student’s mentor and as a role model to empower the new comers and those already enrolled. They accompany the new students to schools, hospital, and also help with administrative task such as accounting and secretarial work.
This study is a contribution towards exploring alternative but sustainable education policies for pastoralist societies and sets out to explore how pastoralist IKSs (Indigenous Knowledge Systems) can be integrated or used as an entry point to provide formal schooling to pastoralist communities in Kenya. Pastoralists constitute the majority of the socially and economically vulnerable groups in the country. Children, among pastoralist communities, face detrimental hardships that compromise their growth and development. One of these hardships is the imposition of an education and development paradigm that is irrelevant to their existence and which compounds their problems. This study therefore sought to explore how, through better government policies, the indigenous knowledge (IK) of pastoralists could be integrated into the curriculum of formal schooling. Specifically, the study discusses the following issues: Gaps in policies for schooling provision for pastoralist groups, with particular reference to the content of the curriculum and methods of delivery; Aspects of pastoralist IKS that can be integrated into the context of national education policy to enrich their schooling within; and General recommendations regarding the use of participatory and social engineering approaches in designing education and development policies affecting pastoralist communities in Kenya.
This book combines analysis of policy and empirically based studies on gender, education, and development.
Wie kann mobil lebenden Kindern Zugang zu Bildung ermöglicht werden? Diese Publikation beschäftigt sich mit der Notwendigkeit und dem Aufbau eines mobilen Schulsystems für Pastoralisten (Wanderhirten) in Nordkenia. Das zugrundeliegende System der Lernleitern bietet Schüler*innen und Lehrer*innen ein zuverlässiges System für individualisiertes Lernen in heterogenen Lerngemeinschaften. Das Buch gibt einen praktischen Einblick in die internationale Entwicklungszusammenarbeit, die kooperative Lernmaterialentwicklung und Lehrerbildung in dem Schulentwicklungsprojekt INES (Illeret Nomadic Education System).
The right to education is clearly articulated in core international and national instruments. The vital role played by education in the socio-economic development of every country is universally recognised. There is a close relationship between the level of socio-economic development of a society and the average education level attained by its populace.Oxfam(2005) clearly notes that it is estimated that there are between 25 to 40 million children of school age living in nomadic pastoralist household of whom only 10-50% attend school. The book by interpreting the hindrances to access and completion of primary education of nomadic pastoralist girls will fore ground why girls are most vulnerable group suffering the repression of failure to access and complete formal education. The book therefore suggests the best practical ways of ensuring access and completion of primary education by pastoral nomadic girls to both parents and the policy makers in the Ministry of Education.
The educational experience reproduces gender ideologies and social norms, which interact with schooling for girls in very particular ways and are implicated in their persistent gendered exclusion and marginalization. The authors in this volume focus on this link by taking a social norms approach to profile the processes, strategies of and research on community-led interventions. The chapters are paced around a pilot project that critically adapted a successful model in India to develop context-appropriate integrated approaches to universalizing secondary education for girls in purposively selected rural and urban poor contexts in Kenya and Uganda. The analyses provide reflexive documentation of the successes and challenges of project implementation activities that have successfully contested girls’ exclusion and marginalization in education. This requires a sustained focus on the link between social and educational institutions and policies and working in an integrated manner with a range of policy actors including young people and targeted communities to bring about significant and sustainable change.