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Sandstone aquifers are common worldwide: they contain a significant proportion of the Earth's fresh water supplies. However, because of their textural complexity and the frequent occurrence of both matrix and fracture flow, prediction of flow and pollutant migration is still a considerable challenge. This volume contains a collection of papers summarizing current research on an example sandstone aquifer: the UK Permo-Triassic Sandstone sequence. These red bed, organic-poor sandstones are of fluvial and aeolian origin, are often strongly textured, and are cut by discontinuities of a wide range of permeabilities. Matrix flow often dominates, but fracture flow also occurs. The papers in the volume deal with research on saturated and unsaturated flow, and solute and non-aqueous-phase liquid movement. They cover investigations from laboratory to regional scale, and involve a wide range of approaches, from petrophysical through geophysical and hydrochemical to modelling. The book is intended to be of interest to researchers and practitioners involved in water resources and groundwater pollution, and to hydrogeology, water engineering, and environmental science students.
The UK became a net importer of natural gas in 2004 and by 2020 will import up to 90% of its requirements, leaving it vulnerable to increasing energy bills and risk of disruption to supply. New pipelines to Europe and improvements to interconnectors will meet some demand, but Government recognises the need for increased gas storage capacity: best met by the construction of underground storage facilities. Energy security has also raised the likelihood of a new generation of coal-fired power-stations, which to be environmentally viable, will require clean-coal technologies with near-zero greenhouse gas emissions. A key element of this strategy will be underground CO2 storage. This volume reviews the technologies and issues involved in the underground storage of natural gas and CO2, with examples from the UK and overseas. The potential for underground storage of other gases such as hydrogen, or compressed air linked to renewable sources is also reviewed.
Telford new town continues to develop, and the surrounding district continues to be exploited for a range of mineral products, including opencast coal and aggregates for the construction industry. In an area such as this, up-to-date geological information is vital for planners faced with conflicting demands for land use, as well as for those involved in the construction and mineral extraction industries. This memoir is intended to satisfy this need and to indicate where more detailed information is available in BGS's extensive database.
This study of the geology of Shropshire is designed to be read by students of all levels, as well as by the general public. There is no other area of comparable size in Britain which displays such a variety of geology as Shropshire, and the book covers rocks representative of 10 of the 13 recognized periods of geological time, ranging in age from 700,000,000 years old to those formed in the last Ice Age a few thousand years ago. It starts with some fundamental principles of geology and goes on to describe the rock sequence of each geological period in Shropshire, with fossils of each period being mentioned and figured, and major episodes of earth movements and volcanic activity discussed.