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Over recent decades, women in Latin America and the Caribbean have increased their labor force participation faster than in any other region of the world. This evolution occurred in the context of more general progress in women’s status. Female enrollment rates have increased at all levels of education, fertility rates have declined, and social norms have shifted toward gender equality. This report sheds light on the complex relationship between stages of economic development and female economic participation. It documents a shift in women’s perceptions whereby work has become a fundamental part of their identity, highlighting the distinction between jobs and careers. These dynamics are made more complex by the acknowledgment that individuals are part of larger economic units—families. As development progresses and the options available to women expand, the need to balance career and family takes greater importance. New tensions emerge, paradoxically made possible by decades of steady gains. Understanding the new challenges women face as they balance work and family is thus crucial for policy.
Relying on a variety of examples from Latin America and the Caribbean, this book counteracts the gender gap by focusing on what you need to know to analyze the modernization of business management and economic growth as well as design effective public policies that allow for greater participation of women in society.
In this ground-breaking study, Regina Cortina and Nelly Stromquist examine how the alliances of international agencies, national governments, and nongovernmental organizations have strengthened public support for educating girls and women in Latin America. Bringing a timely and readable account of the strategies pursued, the authors show how the strength of the women's movement has influenced the education of women and girls, and thus has helped to reduce poverty and strengthen the citizenship of women in developing countries. The book's overview of recent initiatives, along with its illuminating case studies of developing nations, offers the reader a window into educational reform and the realities of social change in Latin America.
"The education of girls and women is important not only as a matter of respecting a basic human right for half the population but as a powerful force for economic development and achieving social goals such as enhanced health, nutrition and civic involvement. This Atlas presents the latest data from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics on trends in educational access and progression, from pre-primary through tertiary levels and adult literacy, with special attention to the all-important issue of gender equality. These trends are depicted through colour-coded maps that make it easy for readers to visualize global and regional trends and to understand how they are shaped by factors such as national wealth and geographic location." -- P. [4] of cover.
Girls education has been expanding all over the world, but not fast enough to ensure a basic education for millions of children still out of school or to ensure the progress of countries that lag behind. Progress for Children reports on where the world stands in its commitment to eliminate gender disparity in education by 2005: the first Millennium Development target agreed to by the international community and key to achieving the goal of universal primary education by 2015.
Since the 1990 's Latin American and Caribbean countries, have advanced in the process of setting up national mechanisms for the advancement of women and have managed to carve out a formal space in the state apparatus as part of the democratisation process that has transpired in the region in the past few years. In the more developed countries in the region truly significant advances have been accomplished in recent years. The study examines the creation and development of new secondary mechanisms which have come to complement and support the efforts of the principal national machineries which have maintained their normative responsibilities of promoting public policies.
This book presents evidence of the evolution of the gender inequalities in Latin America during the twentieth century, using basic indicators of human development, namely education, health and the labour market. There are very few historical studies that centre on gender as the main analytical category in Latin America, so this book breaks new ground. Using case-studies from Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Uruguay, the authors show that there is evidence of a correlation between economic growth and the decrease in gender inequality, but this process is also not linear. Although the activity rate of women was high at the beginning of the twentieth century, female participation in the labour market diminished, until the 1970s, when it began to increase dramatically. Since the 1970s, fertility reduction and education improvements and worsening labour market conditions are associated to the steadily increase of women participation in the labour market. By gauging the extent to which gender gaps in the formation of human capital, access to resources, quality of life and opportunities may have operated as a restriction on women’s capabilities and on economic growth in the region, this book demonstrates that Latin America has lagged behind in terms of gender equality.
In this bilingual volume, gender issues within diverse social, labor and educational environments are analyzed from a multidisciplinary perspective.