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The present volume in the organogermanium series describes mononuclear compounds containing only germanium-carbon and germanium-hydrogen bonds (Chapter 1.3). Germanium hydrides with other additional non-carbon ligands, such as halogen or oxygen bonded groups, appear in later chapters according to the Gmelin principle of the last posi tion. Compounds with Ge-H and Ge-O bonds have already been described in Volume 5, Section 1.5.1.4, pp. 50/62. The present volume covers the literature to the end of 1992 and includes many references up to 1994. The nomenclature recommended by IUPAC has been generally adhered to. However, compound names were largely avoided, as most of the compounds are presented in tables and are only identified by their formulas. Many of the data in the tables appear in abbreviated form without units; general explanations are given on pp. X/XI. The volume contains an empirical formula index (p. 327) and a ligand formula index (p.341). The editor wishes to express his gratitude to the former author, Professor J. E. Drake, and to Professor J. Satge for his kind advice and fruitful collaboration. Thanks are due also to Dr. A. R. Pebler for editing the English text and to Mr. H.-G. Karrenberg for drawing the numerous formulas and molecular structures.
The significance of organometallic chemistry has constantly increased during the second half of this century. The Gmelin Institute recognizes this fact in publishing an entire series on organometallic compounds. This series has now started with the description of the organogermanium compounds. The present second volume in the organogermanium series continues the description of Ge(CH3)3R compounds, beginning with R=alkenyl and concluding with R=heterocycle. The remaining part of the volume covers completely the type Ge(C2H5)3R, which is the most voluminous of the GeR3R compounds. The volume concludes with an empirical formula index.
Organogermanium Compounds Understand the chemistry of organogermanium compounds with this thorough and cutting-edge reference Discovered comparatively late in the history of chemistry, germanium has become one of the most technology-critical elements in modern industry. Germanium and its inorganic and organic derivatives found widespread applications in fiber- and infrared-optics, electronics, polymerization catalysis, solar electric technology, nanotechnology, chemotherapy, and more. Organogermanium compounds containing carbon to germanium chemical bonds, have applications in microelectronics, medicinal and health industries, and beyond. Organogermanium Compounds: Theory, Experiment, and Applications, 2 Volume Set provides a comprehensive review of this class of compounds in two thorough volumes. It covers all modern aspects of these critically important compounds, including theoretical, synthetic, physico-chemical, and applied research. Reflecting the latest breakthroughs in this rapidly growing field, this book promises to serve as the high-level reference for those readers who are interested in organogermanium chemistry. Organogermanium Compounds readers will also find: 19 chapters produced by leading global experts Descriptions of pivotal historical achievements in organogermanium research Coverage of the latest computational, synthetic, and applied breakthroughs Organogermanium Compounds is a critical reference for researchers and professionals in a wide range of academic and industrial fields working with these fascinating compounds. This will also be helpful for university and college students, at both graduate and undergraduate levels.
Describes all organogermanium compounds containing organic and inorganic groups bonded through oxygen to Ge such as -OH, -OR, -OOCR, -OS, -ON, -OP, etc. Includes germanium oxides of the R3GeOGeR3 type as well as bi- and trinuclear derivatives of polybasic acids. Compounds may have additional Ge-H and Ge-halogen bonds. Contains an empirical formula index and a ligand formula index.- Literature closing date: end of 1990.
Until recently the low-coordinate compounds of the heavier elements of group 14 were known only as transient, unstable species which were difficult to isolate. However recent developments have led to the stabilisation of these compounds and today heavier group 14 element cations, radicals, anions, carbene analogues, alkene and alkyne analogues and aromatics have all been prepared as highly reactive, stable, fully characterizable and readily available organometallic reagents. Organometallic Compounds of Low-Coordinate Si, Ge, Sn and Pb describes the chemistry of this exciting new class of organometallics, with an emphasis on their major similarities and differences with the analogous species in organic chemistry. Topics covered include include the synthesis, structure, reactions and synthetic applications of : Si-, Ge-, Sn and Pb-centered cations, radicals and anions heavy analogues of carbenes: silylenes, germylenes, stannylenes and plumbylenes heavy analogues of alkenes: disilenes, digermenes, distannenes, diplumbenes heavy analogues of alkynes: disilynes, digermynes, distannynes, diplumbynes, and their valence isomers heteronuclear derivatives: silenes, germenes, stannenes, silagermenes, silastannenes, germastannenes heavy analogues of alkenes of the type: >E14=E13-, >E14=E15-, >E14=E16 [where E13, E14, E15 and E16 are elements of the groups 13, 14, 15 and 16] cyclic compounds (three-, four-, five-, and six-membered rings) heavy analogues of 1,3-dienes, allenes and other cumulenes heavy analogues of aromatic compounds; including a comparison between organometallic and organic aromaticity Organometallic Compounds of Low-Coordinate Si, Ge, Sn and Pb is an essential guide to this emerging class of organometallic reagents for researchers and students in main group, organometallic, synthetic and silicon chemistry
Pergamon Texts in Inorganic Chemistry, Volume 14: The Chemistry of Germanium, Tin, and Lead focuses on the properties, characteristics, transformations, and reactions of lead, germanium, and tin. The book focuses on germanium and compounds of Ge(I) and Ge(II). Discussions focus on germanium(II) compounds of phosphorus and arsenic, germanium(II) imide and nitride, monohalides, analytical determination, biological activity, chemical behavior of germanium, and production and industrial use of germanium. The text then elaborates on organogermanium compounds, complexes of germanium(IV), and tin. Topics include nuclear magnetic resonance, chemical properties of tin metal, isotopes of tin, occurrence and distribution of tin, and fluorogermanates and chlorogermanates. The manuscript takes a look at nuclear magnetic resonance, extraction, industrial and commercial utilization, toxicity, and chemical properties of metallic lead. The publication is a vital source of data for researchers interested in the chemistry of lead, germanium, and tin.
The aim of this compilation has been to provide a comprehensive, non critical source of information concerning organometallic compounds. The scope is limi~ed to the compounds containing at least one carbon-metal bond. The information includes methods of preparation, properties, chemical reactions, and applications. The First Edition comprised the literature from 1937 to 1958. The Second Edition is completely revised and extended through 1964. The literature prior to 1937 was thoroughly covered by E. Krause and A. von Grosse in ''Die Chemie der metall-organischen Verbindungen," Verlag von Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin, 1937. Our work consists of three volumes. Volume I contains derivatives of the transition metals of Groups III through VIII of the Periodic Table. Volume II contains derivatives of germanium, tin, and lead. Volume III contains derivatives of arsenic, antimony, and bismuth. The compilation is based on searches through Chemical Abstracts. The collection of references for 1964 was completed before the Subject Indexes to Volumes 60 and 61 of the Abstracts were available; thus some omissions in the coverage of that year are possible. We have attempted to make the .. coverage of the literature complete in order that the compilation may have best ~i1ity to the chemist, chemical engineer, patent attorney, and editor. In the interest of brevity, certain numerical data are omitted, but references to the original literature are given. Yield data are rounded to two significant figures. Wherever possible, tables have been used. The entries in the Bibliography section include references to Chemical Abstracts.
Inorganic Chemistry: Inorganic Chemistry: A Textbook Series This series reflects the breadth of modern research in inorganic chemistry and fulfils the need for advanced texts. The series covers the whole range of inorganic and physical chemistry, solid state chemistry, coordination chemistry, main group chemistry and bioinorganic chemistry. Synthesis of Organometallic Compounds A Practical Guide Edited by Sanshiro Komiya Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan. This book describes the concepts of organometallic chemistry and provides an overview of the chemistry of each metal including the synthesis and handling of its important organometallic compounds. Synthesis of Organometallic Compounds: A Practical Guide provides: an excellent introduction to organometallic synthesis detailed synthetic protocols for the most important organometallic syntheses an overview of the reactivity, applications and versatility of organometallic compounds a survey of metals and their organometallic derivatives The purpose of this book is to serve as a practical guide to understanding the general concepts of organometallics for graduate students and scientists who are not necessarily specialists in organometallic chemistry.
The present volume opens the Gmelin series on organogermanium compounds, that is, those compounds containing at least one germanium-to-carbon bond. This whole series is being coordinated by Professor J. Satge of the Universite Paul Sabatier in Toulouse. Germanium is of historical interest because its existence was predicted by Newlands in 1864 and by Mendeleeff in 1871 although it was not isolated until1887 by Winkler. Mendeleeff's predictions of the properties of germanium and its compounds by comparison with what was known of the chemistry of its neighbors, silicon and tin, proved remarkably accurate and included predictions of the existence of organic derivatives GeR and of their properties. 4 Although significant applications are as yet lacking for organogermanium compounds in contrast to organo-silicon, -tin, and -lead compounds there has been considerable interest in the parallel development of its chemistry. Up to 1983 about 1500 publications have appeared on organogermanium chemistry. The material of the present series will be grouped in a similar way as for the organotin series beginning with compounds containing only one germanium atom (mononuclear com pounds) and continuing with binuclear up to polynuclear compounds. Within each group the compounds are arranged by the kind of non-carbon substituents rather than by following the usual Gmelin principle of the last position using the Gmelin system of elements.