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At Fromelles in July 1916 two divisions – one British and one Australian – within a few weeks of arriving in France – went into action for the first time. Their task was to prevent the Germans from moving troops to the Somme where a major British offensive was in progress, but the attack on 19/20 July was a disaster with nearly 7,000 casualties in a few hours.This account explores this battle which for many epitomises the futility of the Great War. In those few hours many heroic deeds were done but the battle caused a souring of Anglo-Australian relationships and truly was a baptism of fire for these British and Australian troops. This is their history.In a new section, Paul Cobb explores the recent discovery in 2008/09 of a mass war grave on the battlefield and includes details of the findings of the archaeological dig, the recovery of 250 bodies and the creation of a new military cemetery.
The Battle of Fromelles remains the single bloodiest day in terms of soldiers killed, wounded or missing, in Australia's military history. Remains of soldiers were recently discovered in mass graves in northern France and the final soldier will be laid to rest when a new cemetery officially opens on 19th July, 2010 - the 94th anniversary of the battle.
This book gives an unrivaled insight into the life and times of an English village in the First World War - a way of life swept away forever by the changes ushered in by the conflict.
Controversial and groundbreaking, this is the most authoritative book ever written on the battle of Fromelles - worst day in Australia's entire military history. With the recent discovery of a mass grave and the disinterment of many diggers, it has now entered Australian national consciousness in the same way as Gallipoli. Raging for 14 hours, this was the worst day in Australia's entire military history. Our soldiers suffered 5,533 casualties during this one night. The Australian toll at Fromelles was equivalent to the total Australian casualties in the Boer War, Korean War and Vietnam War put together. It was a staggering disaster. It has also left many mysteries. At the time of the battle, and for many decades after, the bodies of the dead lay undiscovered. Indeed, it was only through efforts in the last few years that the final resting place of so many has finally been located and the dead provided with a formal burial. With access to the German archives for the first time ever, Peter Barton has written the most authoritative book on Fromelles. Combining new scholarship on the battle itself with an account of recent events, he dispells many myths in a rich and compelling history.
This book explores Adolf Hitler's career as a soldier in World War I and looks at the influences that led to his fanatical nationalism as a political leader.
Despite the substantial output of revisionist scholarship over the last decade reappraising the performance of the British Army on the Western Front during the First World War, there still remains a stubborn perception that its commanders were incompetent, inflexible and unimaginative. Whilst much ink has been spilled vilifying or defending individual commanders, or looking for overarching trends and ’learning curves’, this is the first work to examine systematically the vertical nature of command - that is the transmission of plans from the high-command down through the rank structure to the front line. Through such an investigation, a much more rounded measure of the effectiveness of British commanders can be gained; one moves the argument beyond the overly simplistic ’casualties to ground gained’ equation that is usually offered. The Battle of Fromelles (19-20 July 1916) was selected as the case study as it was relatively small in scale, in the right period, and retains sufficient primary sources available to sustain the analysis. It also witnessed the first time Australian forces were used in offensive operations on the Western Front, and thus looms large in wider Commonwealth perceptions of ’Bumbling British Generals’. The book follows the progress of the battle plan from its inception in the strategic designs of the supreme commander down through the various intermediate level commands at operational and tactical headquarters until it became the orders that sent the infantry forward into the attack. In so doing it provides a unique insight into the strengths and weaknesses of British command structure, allowing a much more scholarly judgement of its overall effectiveness.
Fromelles, Northern France, 19-20 July 1916. The début of the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) on the Western Front and what has since been described by the Australian War Memorial as "the worst 24 hours in Australia's entire history". In a single day the 5th Australian Division suffered 5,533 casualties. A fifth of the number of casualties sustained in eight months at Gallipoli. Within the slaughter of World War I, there were many reasons to celebrate victories and to hush up defeats. Throughout the allied and axis powers, there were many complicit helpers in these "endeavours in truth". However, what happens, when even years later the truth of what happened remains uncovered? Worse still, what happens when that truth is covered over by one's own commanders and politicians? This is what happened with Fromelles and for 100 years the recognition due to the soldiers who fought so bravely for the AIF was resoundingly ignored. Now, following exhaustive and meticulous research, Geoffrey Benn's study into the disaster of Fromelles, reveals the truth of a battle in which the soldiers conducted themselves magnificently and whose aftermath was shamed by those who should have known better.
Australians on the Western Front—1916 Fromelles and the Somme is the first book in the Australians on the Western Front 1916-1918 series developed by the Department of Veterans' Affairs. It highlights the year 1916, which was the mid-point of the Great War, and which marked the arrival of the first Australian divisions in France and their entry into the first great battles pf the Western Front. This eBook features exclusive content including a 1916 newsreel on the Conscription Referendum Campaign featuring Australian Prime Minister Billy Hughes. In addition, two short files titled 'Australia in France' show the Australians preparing for the first major battles on the Somme.