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In the twentieth century, the British Crown appointed around a hundred thousand people - military and civilian - in Britain and the British Empire to honours and titles. For outsiders, and sometimes recipients too, these jumbles of letters are tantalizingly confusing: OM, MBE, GCVO, CH, KB, or CBE. Throughout the century, this system expanded to include different kinds of people, while also shrinking in its imperial scope with the declining empire. Through these dual processes, this profoundly hierarchical system underwent a seemingly counter-intuitive change: it democratized. Why and how did the British government change this system? And how did its various publics respond to it? This study addresses these questions directly by looking at the history of the honours system in the wider context of the major historical changes in Britain and the British Empire in the twentieth century. In particular, it looks at the evolution of this hierarchical, deferential system amidst democratization and decolonization. It focuses on the system's largest-and most important-components: the Order of the British Empire, the Knight Bachelor, and the lower ranks of other Orders. By creatively analysing the politics and administration of the system alongside popular responses to it in diaries, letters, newspapers, and memoirs, Tobias Harper shows the many different meanings that honours took on for the establishment, dissidents, and recipients. He also shows the ways in which the system succeeded and failed to order and bring together divided societies.
A WELL-ARTICULATED MEMOIR OF A LIFE IN THE CIVIL SERVICE Civil servants are the permanent executive—a bulwark of stability as regimes and policies change. They are small cogs in the large machinery that is the Indian state, yet indispensable for its efficient running. Naresh Nandan Prasad was one such cog in the wheel and an extraordinary one at that. He had the rare privilege of working in three states: Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. From this uncommon vantage point, he looks back on a long, storied career and, through that examination, investigates the role of a civil servant in the life of a nation. Beginning with his training days at the Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration and his life as a young administrator caught in the hurly-burly of Indian politics, Small Cogs in a Large Wheel is an account of Prasad’s life. It examines his time in the corridors of power in Delhi and his international stints with the United Nations. Capturing the many experiences of one man’s career, the book records the political through the personal. A candid account of an exceptional career, this is a must-read for anyone interested in understanding the life of a civil servant in India, the role of the country’s civil service and the complex maze of the world of multilateral diplomacy.
In this captivating memoir, Peter Mooney peppers his reminiscences of life as Crown Counsel in 1950s Sarawak with intriguing legal cases, which illustrate interesting points of law and capture historically important details of Sarawak’s indigenous people and colonial life. Peter faces numerous colorful characters in court, from indigenous warriors sporting feathered headdresses and leopard’s teeth earrings to the equally intimidating Lee Kuan Yew, who would become the first Prime Minister of Singapore.
What sets the tax treatment of the international civil servants apart are the legal considerations derived from public international law. Often the matter is approached from the perspective of privileges and immunities. However, when regarded as a concern with the equal pay for equal work it boils down to employment conditions that need to be satisfied by international organisations due to the peculiar legal setting in which international civil servants discharge their duties. By adding a perspective from the jurisprudence of international (administrative) tribunals to the current scholarship, the present study – the first of its kind - purports to contribute to a better understanding of the matter of taxation of the salary, emoluments and pensions of employees of international organizations.