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Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject Sociology - Economy and Industry, University of Dhaka, language: English, abstract: The effectiveness of foreign aids to the third world developing countries is a controversial issue. Liberal economists thought, key to economic success is appropriate usage of loans, and if it is utilized effectively, such loans can have a hugely important role to play. Loans can contribute to poverty reduction, to fill the deficit of budget gap, to build big construction such as bridge, roads, public buildings, educational institutions etc. But critique of foreign aid such as Andre Gudner Frank argues that foreign aid is a means of domination, dependency, exploitation to the third world developing countries. In the colonial era, imperialist countries accumulated raw materials, natural resources, mineral resources etc. directly through colonialism or imperialism. In the present neocolonial or neoliberal society, aid is a new form of domination, dependency to the third world countries and also a means of trade, marketing of machineries, technologies etc. Bangladesh, located in South Asia, is one of the poorest countries in the world. According to the UNDP’s 2010 Country Summary report, the country has a large population 164.7 million and having GDP per Capita is $ 1300. External debt is $ 316.7 per $ 1000 GDP. Foreign aid both grants and loans has impacts on the economy of Bangladesh. It contributes to the development works like bridge, roads, highways, infrastructural works etc. But it is also leading to growing indebtedness, dependency, domination etc. Padma Bridge project is the most recent and best example of foreign aid as means of development or dependency of a country. World Bank is gradually delaying the project for the acquisition of corruption against SNC- Lavalin Company and former communication minister Sayad Abul Hoshen etc. But there is also acquisition against World Bank that it was itself was in favor of fault lender institution. Recently, Bangladesh has withdrawn its proposal from World Bank but World Bank has declared that proposed loan for Padma Bridge is fixed for Bangladesh and Bangladesh can use the loan in other development projects. My paper argues that foreign aid has impact on the development but it is also means of domination and trade of donors. Bangladesh is not self sufficient not to take the aid but if the aid is channeled through appropriate biding and utilized effectively, such aid can have hugely important role for development.
Assessing Aid determines that the effectiveness of aid is not decided by the amount received but rather the institutional and policy environment into which it is accepted. It examines how development assistance can be more effective at reducing global poverty and gives five mainrecommendations for making aid more effective: targeting financial aid to poor countries with good policies and strong economic management; providing policy-based aid to demonstrated reformers; using simpler instruments to transfer resources to countries with sound management; focusing projects oncreating and transmitting knowledge and capacity; and rethinking the internal incentives of aid agencies.
Over the past twenty years more citizens in China and India have raised themselves out of poverty than anywhere else at any time in history. They accomplished this through the local business sector the leading source of prosperity for all rich countries. In most of Africa and other poor regions the business sector is weak, but foreign aid continues to fund government and NGOs. Switching aid to the local business sector in order to cultivate a middle class is the oldest, surest, and only way to eliminate poverty in poor countries. A bold fusion of ethics and smart business, The Aid Trap shows how the same energy, goodwill, and money that we devote to charity can help local business thrive. R. Glenn Hubbard and William Duggan, two leading scholars in business and finance, demonstrate that by diverting a major share of charitable aid into the local business sector of poor countries, citizens can take the lead in the growth of their own economies. Although the aid system supports noble goals, a local well-digging company cannot compete with a foreign charity that digs wells for free. By investing in that local company a sustainable system of development can take root.
Aid has worked in the past but can be made to work better in the future. This book offers important new research and will appeal to those working in economics, politics and development studies as well as to governmental and aid professionals.
This book, based on the experience of the DAC Member countries, examines how to manage foreign aid programs to acheive the best results.
This book discusses Bangladesh’s economic and social development that may be called a “miracle” since the country has achieved remarkable development progress under several unfavorable situations: weak governance and political instabilities, inequality, risks entailed in rapid urbanization, and exposure to severe disaster risks. The authors examine what led to this successful economic development, and the potential challenges that it presents, aiming to elicit effective policy interventions that can be adapted by other developing countries.
Why do some donor governments pursue international development through recipient governments, while others bypass such local authorities? Weaving together scholarship in political economy, public administration and historical institutionalism, Simone Dietrich argues that the bureaucratic institutions of donor countries shape donor–recipient interactions differently despite similar international and recipient country conditions. Donor nations employ institutional constraints that authorize, enable and justify particular aid delivery tactics while precluding others. Offering quantitative and qualitative analyses of donor decision-making, the book illuminates how donors with neoliberally organized public sectors bypass recipient governments, while donors with more traditional public-sector-oriented institutions cooperate and engage recipient authorities on aid delivery. The book demonstrates how internal beliefs and practices about states and markets inform how donors see and set their objectives for foreign aid and international development itself. It informs debates about aid effectiveness and donor coordination and carries implications for the study of foreign policy, more broadly.
Foreign aid has been an area of active scholarly investigation since the end of the Second World War, but particularly since the early 1950s when a large number of the erstwhile colonies became independent. Few areas of public policy involving the developed and developing countries have aroused more passion and ideological debate than foreign aid. In spite of the massive amount of research in the field, there is still not enough work in two areas: the first involves the mechanisms through which aid influences the economies of the donor and the recipient countries; and the second, country-specific assessments of the effectiveness of foreign aid. Foreign Aid: New Perspectives is aimed at making a contribution in these two areas. The contents of this volume are divided into four parts. Part I deals with some theoretical aspects of foreign aid, while the second part analyzes some general policy aspects. Part III turns to the donor experience and includes one paper on the Danish experience. The last part considers the recipient experience and consists of five case studies.