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India is one of the richest countries in the world in terms of biodiversity. This natural variation in life is also reflected in the demography of the land. Although the causes behind biodiversity and demographic diversity are different, the human population of the land has depended on in many ways for a long time. At the same time, today, the excessive human population of India leading to a survival pressure on the biodiversity. Thus, it is important to know and appreciate the diversity in both - human population and flora and fauna.
Project Report from the year 2014 in the subject African Studies - Miscellaneous, grade: 2, Kuvempu University, language: English, abstract: Bijapur is the land of an ancient city. During the period of Chalukya’s of Kalyani it was known as Vijayapura (City of victory). The Bijapur district has an area of 10,541 km2. The district is found in association with barren rocky/stony wastes within notified forest boundaries with scrubs. The present botanical survey resulted in to 257 flowering plant species, (including cultivars) under 219 genera and 68 families. Among the total number of species, the leading families found in the campus are Poaceae, Fabaceae, Caesalpiniaceae. Among these, Salvia aegyptica L. is very rarely distributed and only confined to Bijapur district. Beside this, Indigofera hochstetteri Baker, was relocated in the campus. The floristic diversity information provides complete picture of different species available in various seasons and associated faunal diversity. Field observations indicated that the present study area is devoid of tall or big trees due to barren rocky/stony wastes land. Furthermore, based on present survey we are recommended that more number of tree/shrub species must be planted and it should be proper monitoring in future by concerned authorities.
Study conducted in Santhal Pargana, Jharkhand, India.
Life originated and evolved in water. Later the The tropical countries where the need to under plants moved out of water, conquered the land and stand the natural ecosystems is far greater because became dominant over it. The evolution through they are under intensive pressure from develop the millennia resulted in enormous complexity of ment from a rapidly growing human population, form, tissue organisation, reproductive mechan have generally devoted much less attention to the isms and specialisation of taxa in different niches. studies of aquatic ecosystems. The Indian subconti At some stage during evolution, some plants devel nent is a well-recognised biogeographic region with oped appropriate morphological and physiological a distinct geological history, climate, soils and adaptations and reverted back to the aquatic and/ biota. It is also distinct in the history of human civilisation and cultures which have a profound bear or semi-aquatic habitat. These plants, perhaps with the exception of a few ing on the natural ecosystems. This book is in with beautiful flowers, have attracted little atten tended to provide the state of our knowledge of the tion from mankind. The fact that humans evolved aquatic and semi-aquatic vegetation in the inland in a tropical forest or savanna environment appears freshwaters of the subcontinent. The book covers responsible for a permanent bias in human atti only the herbaceous vegetation, since there is al tudes towards land and its biota.