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Scrutiny

Great Britain: Parliament: Joint Committee on Human Rights

Published: 2005-05-26

Total Pages: 96


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Drawing special attention to: European Union Bill; Management of Offenders and Sentencing Bill; Commissioners for Revenue and Customs Bill; Private Members' Bills.
Deaths in Custody : Third report of session 2004-05, Vol. 2: Oral and written Evidence
This report responds to the white paper "Fairness for all: a new Commission for Equality and Human Rights" (Cm. 6185, ISBN 0101618522, issued 12 May 2004), which proposed a new single body with responsibility for promoting equality throughout society, building on the strengths of existing Commissions (the Commission for Racial Equality, the Disability Rights Commission and the Equal Opportunities Commission). There is broad agreement between the white paper's proposals and the Committee's own proposals (11th report, HLP 78 / HCP 536 session 2003-04, ISBN 010400452, issued 5 May 2004). The areas of divergence include the following: the precise nature of the general duty to be placed upon the CEHR in relation to the promotion and protection of human rights; the details of the power of the CEHR to conduct "general inquiries"; the case for giving the Commission power to seek judicial review of the policies, actions and omissions of public authorities; and the institutional and funding arrangements to secure the independence and accountability of the new body.
The Joint Committee on Human Rights examined the implementation of the UN International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in the UK. Domestic legislation protects many of the economic, social and cultural rights, with the Covenant itself having little impact in UK domestic law. The Committee believes that there is scope for incorporating further protection of rights in the UK, by enshrining some of the guarantees contained in the Covenant. Further, that for the Covenant rights to be effective, they should be part of a framework for government policy development, and that Government along with the Commission for Equality and Human Rights should develop ways of measuring the progress of these rights. The Committee also recommends, that explanatory notes to Bills, should include discussion of the Bills compatibility with Covenant rights, which is a way of enhancing the scrutiny of proposed Government legislation. Furthermore, the Committee recommends the introduction of an Equality Bill, to address the concerns of discrimination faced by ethnic minorities and persons with disabilities in employment, housing and education.
Concentrated market power and the weakened sway of corporate stakeholders over management have emerged as leading concerns of American political economy. Samuel Milner provides a historical context for contemporary efforts to resolve these anxieties by examining the contest to control the distribution of corporate income during the mid-twentieth century. During this "Golden Age of American Capitalism," apprehension about the debilitating consequences of industrial concentration fueled efforts to ensure that management would share the fruits of progress with workers, consumers, and society as a whole. Focusing on wage and price determination in steel, automobiles, and electrical equipment, Milner reveals how the management of concentrated industries understood its ability to distribute income to its stakeholders as well as why economists, courts, and public policymakers struggled to curtail the exercise of that market power at its source.