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`This is an important book that deserves to be read by everyone concerned with presenting major environmental issues.' Geography ` ... an essential text for policy makers and aid professionals, as well as for students of environmental studies and international development ... It is indeed, a book appropriate to the urgent and critical issues which it addresses.' - Journal of Environmental Management
The Sherpas were dead, two more victims of an attempt to scale Mt. Everest. Members of a French climbing expedition, sensitive perhaps about leaving the bodies where they could not be recovered, rolled them off a steep mountain face. One body, however, crashed to a stop near Sherpas on a separate expedition far below. They stared at the frozen corpse, stunned. They said nothing, but an American climber observing the scene interpreted their thoughts: Nobody would throw the body of a white climber off Mt. Everest. For more than a century, climbers from around the world have journ-eyed to test themselves on Everest's treacherous slopes, enlisting the expert aid of the Sherpas who live in the area. Drawing on years of field research in the Himalayas, renowned anthropologist Sherry Ortner presents a compelling account of the evolving relationship between the mountaineers and the Sherpas, a relationship of mutual dependence and cultural conflict played out in an environment of mortal risk. Ortner explores this relationship partly through gripping accounts of expeditions--often in the climbers' own words--ranging from nineteenth-century forays by the British through the historic ascent of Hillary and Tenzing to the disasters described in Jon Krakauer's Into Thin Air. She reveals the climbers, or "sahibs," to use the Sherpas' phrase, as countercultural romantics, seeking to transcend the vulgarity and materialism of modernity through the rigor and beauty of mountaineering. She shows how climbers' behavior toward the Sherpas has ranged from kindness to cruelty, from cultural sensitivity to derision. Ortner traces the political and economic factors that led the Sherpas to join expeditions and examines the impact of climbing on their traditional culture, religion, and identity. She examines Sherpas' attitude toward death, the implications of the shared masculinity of Sherpas and sahibs, and the relationship between Sherpas and the increasing number of women climbers. Ortner also tackles debates about whether the Sherpas have been "spoiled" by mountaineering and whether climbing itself has been spoiled by commercialism.
Stanley Stevens brings new ecological and historical perspectives to his study of a subsistence society in ever-increasing contact with the outside world. The Sherpas of the Mount Everest region, famous for their mountaineering exploits, have frequently been depicted as victims of the world`s highest-altitude tourist boom. But have the Sherpas and their homeland been transformed by tourism? He is the first to analyze the complex interaction of local environmental knowledge, cultural beliefs, and socio-economic and political conditions in changing sherpas subsistence strategies, land use practices, and local resources management institutions. Claiming the High ground is must reading for all those interested peoples and concerned about the conservation of the earth`s high places.
In the first comprehensive history of Himalayan mountaineering in 50 years, the authors offer detailed, original accounts of the most significant climbs since the 1890s, and they compellingly evoke the social and cultural worlds that gave rise to those expeditions.
This book offers a cultural and historical perspective on the Sherpa people, exploring how their traditional way of life has been impacted by such factors as urbanisation, modernisation, globalisation, and tourism. Though Nepal is a small country, it is rich in ethnic, religious, linguistic, and cultural resources. Various communities living in Nepal, including the Sherpas, have their own original cultures, traditions, and practices. Despite outside influence, the Sherpa people have preserved their distinct lifestyle, which encompasses a unique history, culture, religion, language, cuisine, and set of traditions. It was only after the summit of Everest in 1953 that domestic and foreign scholars began to take an interest in documenting the Sherpa people’s way of life. The Sherpa’s language is an oral one, and with this comes difficulties. Various translations into other languages have caused mistranslations and a loss of meaning. Written by a Sherpa, this book seeks to overcome these linguistic barriers and bring Sherpa culture to the reader. Serving as a collection of knowledge from distinguished scholars of the Sherpa community, religious leaders, intellectuals, social workers, and community organisations, this book is a unique (auto)ethnographic work which bridges the gap between researchers speaking other languages and Sherpa people.
SIKKIM, the tiny Himalayan Kingdom came in existence in 1642 A.D. with a much larger area than it was in 1975 A.D. before it s integration in the Kingdom was the whole of Limbuwan, now the eastern most part of Nepal, southern parts of Tibet Autonomous region of China from Nathu La and Jelep La to the Tang La beyond Phari Jong, western Bhutan up to the watershed range between the Ammo Chu Valley and Har Chu Valley, and the northern plains of West Bengal as far south as Titalaiya and Purnea of Bihar. The Kingdom disintegrated in eight phases in different period of time when it s considerable areas were annexed by Bhutan, Nepal, China and British India of those days, and was finally integrated as one of the States of Indian Union in 1975 A.D. thereby loosing it s identity as a Himalayan Kingdom. The book provides insight into the history of its existence as the Himalayan Kingdom and it s disintegration in various phases, ethnicity, culture and customs of the people of Sikkim. About The Author: - Mr. Jash Subba, a post graduate in agricultural science from IARI. New Delhi, is a prolific writer and critic. Born in 1949 at Hee, one of the villages of Sikkim joined Agriculture service and has retired from Government Service in 2007 after 32 years as Principal Director Agriculture. During his long period of service he held a number of posts in the State Government and has contributed a lot for the development of agriculture and horticulture. He has also worked as consultant to FAO, SARD-M project, and is an expert on sustainable mountain farming systems. Besides, he has eighteen books in his credit on diverse subjects ranging from agriculture, horticulture, biodiversity, culture, anthropology, religion and philosophy. He has also contributed a number of articles and participated in seminars in the country and abroad. Contents: - Foreword Acknowledgement Acronyms Chronology History and Culture Land, People and Livelihood Landscape, Agricultural Ecosystems and Sac