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This volume focuses on the biomechanical modeling of biological tissues in the context of Computer Assisted Surgery (CAS). More specifically, deformable soft tissues are addressed since they are the subject of the most recent developments in this field. The pioneering works on this CAS topic date from the 1980's, with applications in orthopaedics and biomechanical models of bones. More recently, however, biomechanical models of soft tissues have been proposed since most of the human body is made of soft organs that can be deformed by the surgical gesture. Such models are much more complicated to handle since the tissues can be subject to large deformations (non-linear geometrical framework) as well as complex stress/strain relationships (non-linear mechanical framework). Part 1 of the volume presents biomechanical models that have been developed in a CAS context and used during surgery. This is particularly new since most of the soft tissues models already proposed concern Computer Assisted Planning, with a pre-operative use of the models. Then, the volume addresses the two key issues raised for an intra-operative use of soft tissues models, namely (Part 2) “how to estimate the in vivo mechanical behavior of the tissues?” (i.e. what are the values of the mechanical parameters that can deliver realistic patient-specific behavior?) and (Part 3) “how to build a modeling platform that provides generic real-time (or at least interactive-time) numerical simulations?”
The combination of readily available computing power and progress in numerical techniques has made nonlinear systems - the kind that only a few years ago were ignored as too complex - open to analysis for the first time. Now realistic models of living systems incorporating the nonlinear variation and anisotropic nature of physical properties can be solved numerically on modern computers to give realistically usable results. This has opened up new and exciting possibilities for the fusing of ideas from physiology and engineering in the burgeoning new field that is biomechanics. Computational Biomechanics presents pioneering work focusing on the areas of orthopedic and circulatory mechanics, using experimental results to confirm or improve the relevant mathematical models and parameters. Together with two companion volumes, Biomechanics: Functional Adaptation and Remodeling and the Data Book on Mechanical Properties of Living Cells, Tissues, and Organs, this monograph will prove invaluable to those working in fields ranging from medical science and clinical medicine to biomedical engineering and applied mechanics.
Biomechanics of Living Organs: Hyperelastic Constitutive Laws for Finite Element Modeling is the first book to cover finite element biomechanical modeling of each organ in the human body. This collection of chapters from the leaders in the field focuses on the constitutive laws for each organ. Each author introduces the state-of-the-art concerning constitutive laws and then illustrates the implementation of such laws with Finite Element Modeling of these organs. The focus of each chapter is on instruction, careful derivation and presentation of formulae, and methods. When modeling tissues, this book will help users determine modeling parameters and the variability for particular populations. Chapters highlight important experimental techniques needed to inform, motivate, and validate the choice of strain energy function or the constitutive model. Remodeling, growth, and damage are all covered, as is the relationship of constitutive relationships of organs to tissue and molecular scale properties (as net organ behavior depends fundamentally on its sub components). This book is intended for professionals, academics, and students in tissue and continuum biomechanics. Covers hyper elastic frameworks for large tissue deformations Considers which strain energy functions are the most appropriate to model the passive and active states of living tissue Evaluates the physical meaning of proposed energy functions
Biomaterials / Ahmed El-Ghannam and Paul Ducheyne -- Biomechanics of the spine / Ian A. F. Stokes and James C. Iatridis -- Biomechanics of fracture fixation and fracture healing / Lutz E. Claes and Keita Ito -- Biomechanics and preclinical testing of artificial joints: the hip / Rik Huiskes and Jan Stolk -- Biomechanics of total knee replacement designs / Peter S. Walker.
The articles in this book review hybrid experimental-computational methods applied to soft tissues which have been developed by worldwide specialists in the field. People developing computational models of soft tissues and organs will find solutions for calibrating the material parameters of their models; people performing tests on soft tissues will learn what to extract from the data and how to use these data for their models and people worried about the complexity of the biomechanical behavior of soft tissues will find relevant approaches to address this complexity.
Visual Computing for Medicine, Second Edition, offers cutting-edge visualization techniques and their applications in medical diagnosis, education, and treatment. The book includes algorithms, applications, and ideas on achieving reliability of results and clinical evaluation of the techniques covered. Preim and Botha illustrate visualization techniques from research, but also cover the information required to solve practical clinical problems. They base the book on several years of combined teaching and research experience. This new edition includes six new chapters on treatment planning, guidance and training; an updated appendix on software support for visual computing for medicine; and a new global structure that better classifies and explains the major lines of work in the field. - Complete guide to visual computing in medicine, fully revamped and updated with new developments in the field - Illustrated in full color - Includes a companion website offering additional content for professors, source code, algorithms, tutorials, videos, exercises, lessons, and more
This book deals with continuous time dynamic neural networks theory applied to the solution of basic problems in robust control theory, including identification, state space estimation (based on neuro-observers) and trajectory tracking. The plants to be identified and controlled are assumed to be a priori unknown but belonging to a given class containing internal unmodelled dynamics and external perturbations as well. The error stability analysis and the corresponding error bounds for different problems are presented. The effectiveness of the suggested approach is illustrated by its application to various controlled physical systems (robotic, chaotic, chemical, etc.).
Medical robotics has significantly advanced in the last couple of decades With the advent of increased and improved computational power and hardware capabilities, new research directions and device and platform capabilities are now possible than ever before There have been significant advancements in surgical robotics, rehabilitation robotics, assistive robotics, prosthetics, etc The goal of this International Symposium on Medical Robotics (ISMR) is to bring together engineers, clinicians and industry in various fields of medical robotics to create a common forum for exchanging ideas and foster future developments in the field ISMR is planned to be a single track symposium comprising of invited talks, oral presentations, and posters based on the call for submissions
Biomechanics: Principles and Applications offers a definitive, comprehensive review of this rapidly growing field, including recent advancements made by biomedical engineers to the understanding of fundamental aspects of physiologic function in health, disease, and environmental extremes. The chapters, each by a recognized leader in the field, addr
An overview of biomechanical modeling of human soft tissue using nonlinear theoretical mechanics and incremental finite element methods, useful for computer simulation of the human musculoskeletal system.