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Cahiers Parisiens/Parisian Notebooks publish selected papers drawn from the various advanced-level activities at the University of Chicago Center in Paris. In Volume Seven, scholars from across the continent consider Europe as a discourse made of the sediments of historical experience and utopian ideas. Attached to a geographical region with constantly shifting boundaries, the group considers EUtROPEs as the cultural codes that endow Europe with the many meanings that it has held for different actors at different times. Twenty historians, linguists, cultural scientists, musicologists, and scholars of philosophy, urban studies, and film studies who came together at the University of Chicago's Center in Paris discuss these tropes in different fields and consider whether the present can continue to bear the weight of the many ideas and legacies of Europe.
The Archaeology of the Spanish Civil War offers the first comprehensive account of the Spanish Civil War from an archaeological perspective, providing an alternative narrative on one of the most important conflicts of the twentieth century, widely seen as a prelude to the Second World War. Between 1936 and 1939, totalitarianism and democracy, fascism and revolution clashed in Spain, while the latest military technologies were being tested, including strategic bombing and combined arms warfare, and violence against civilians became widespread. Archaeology, however, complicates the picture as it brings forgotten actors into play: obsolete weapons, vernacular architecture, ancient structures (from Iron Age hillforts to sheepfolds), peasant traditions, and makeshift arms. By looking at these things, another story of the war unfolds, one that pays more attention to intimate experiences and anonymous individuals. Archaeology also helps to clarify battles, which were often chaotic and only partially documented, and to understand better the patterns of political violence, whose effects were literally buried for over 70 years. The narrative starts with the coup against the Second Spanish Republic on 18 July 1936, follows the massacres and battles that marked the path of the war, and ends in the early 1950s, when the last forced labor camps were closed and the anti-Francoist guerrillas suppressed. The book draws on 20 years of research to bring together perspectives from battlefield archaeology, archaeologies of internment, and forensics. It will be of interest to anybody interested in historical and contemporary archaeology, human rights violations, modern military history, and negative heritage.