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The Fed. Reserve Board¿s (FRB) Regulation B prohibits lenders from collecting certain data from loan applicants, such as their race or gender, for non-mortgage loans (e.g., small business loans). This provision minimized the chances that lenders would use such data in an unlawful and discriminatory manner. However, others argue that the prohibition limits the capacity of researchers and regulators to identify possible discrimination in non-mortgage lending. This testimony discusses an analysis of: (1) studies on possible discrimination in non-mortgage lending and the data used in them; (2) FRB¿s 2003 decision to retain the prohibition of voluntary data collection; and (3) the benefits and costs of a data collection and reporting requirement.
The Fair Housing Act (FHA) and the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA) -- the "fair lending laws" -- prohibit discrimination in lending. Responsibility for their oversight is shared among three enforcement agencies -- HUD, the FTC, and Dept. of Justice -- and five depository institution regulators -- the FDIC, the Fed. Reserve, Nat. Credit Union Admin., Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, and the Office of Thrift Supervision. This report examines: (1) data used by agencies and the public to detect potential violations and options to enhance the data; (2) fed. oversight of lenders that are identified as at heightened risk of violating the fair lending laws; and (3) recent cases involving fair lending laws and associated enforcement challenges. Illus.
This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. The Fed. Home Loan Bank System is a government-sponsored enterprise comprising 12 regionally-based Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLB), the primary mission of which is to support housing finance and community and economic development. Each FHLB makes loans (advances) to member financial institutions in its district, such as banks, which traditionally are secured by single-family mortgages. In 1999, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act authorized FHLB to accept alternative forms of collateral, such as agricultural and small business loans, from small members. This report assessed: (1) factors that may limit the use of alternative collateral; and (2) selected aspects of the Federal Housing Finance Agency's related regulatory oversight practices. Illus.
Fair lending : race and gender data are limited for nonmortgage lending : report to congressional requesters.
Fair Lending: Race and Gender Data Are Limited for Nonmortgage Lending
Whether or not there is discrimination in the mortgage lending market is one of the most extensively debated issues in the civil rights arena. Because many early studies were flawed and the results misinterpreted on both sides of the debate, there is little agreement as to the next essential steps in either research or enforcement. This comprehensive volume seeks to clarify the debate by including rigorous review of fair lending research, applied projects, and enforcement activities to date, as well as recommendations for research needed to resolve unanswered questions. The intent of the authors is to help the housing industry, regulators, advocates, and the research community to better understand the issue of discrimination in an important area of American life -- the right to take out a mortgage to buy a home based on one's credit worthiness, not on one's race or ethnic group.