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This study seeks to identify the determinants of Brazil's favourable export performance until the mid-1980s, especially in the field of manufactured goods. Two hypotheses figure prominently in the analysis. The export success may be due to Brazil's specialization in industries which made intensive use of the country's relatively abundant productive factors. Alternatively, economic policies may be responsible for the success in manufactured exports.
Brazil is the most populous economy in Latin America with the second highest GDP among the emerging BRIC economies, after China, and the second per capita GDP among the BRIC economies after Russia. The objective of this book is to provide a thorough historical, statistical, and institutional description of the factors that affect and are affected by Brazil’s international trade and integration with the world economy. It includes a most recent account of what is presently going on in Brazil and the type of economy from which Brazil is emerging. The authors use Brazil as a case study and explain both the process and the outcome of international economic integration by analyzing in each chapter a different contributing factor to the benefits and costs from Brazil’s economic interdependency with the world economy. This makes the reading of this book extremely valuable. The topics addressed in this book will increase the reader’s awareness of the institutional, economic, and cultural forces that shape the dynamism of Brazil’s international trade and integration with the world economy, and will continue to do so in future years.
Brazil is located in the east coast of the South America, by Atlantic Ocean. With its area of 8,511,965 km2, constitutes one of biggest countries of the world in territorial extension. It possesses vast natural water holds; the biggest forest of the land; and flora, fauna, air, land, minerals and waters of inestimable value for the planet. It possesses around 169 million inhabitants, distributed in 26 States and a Federal District, where it is locates Brasilia capital. Brazil has a Gross Internal Product (GIP) close to USS 800 billion, and the per capita GIP is close to USS 4,719.76. It has the biggest economy of Latin America, and well developed sectors in the area of agriculture, industry, commerce and jobs. In agriculture, it is distinguished by the coffee production, soy, rice, meat, sugar cane, citric, cocoa. Its industrial park is distinguished by the production of chemical, shoes products, cement, iron, steel, airplanes, engines and automobiles, buses, machines, implements and equipment. It exports and imports around USS 50 billion per year; it has around 50 million television sets, 40 million fixed and cellular telephones, 70 million radios. This new book presents important analyses of this dynamic country.
English translation of a portuguese-language study entitled formacao economica do Brasil on obstacles to economic development and factors affecting economic growth in Brazil - covers historical and geographical aspects, the role of Portugal, financial aspects, investment, inflation, agriculture, the mining industry, industrialization, labour force problems (incl. The elimination of forced labour), wages, trade, interest groups, etc. References.
In this groundbreaking new study, Clements assesses the impact of alternative foreign trade strategies--export promotion and import substitution--on employment and income distribution in Brazil. The first work to evaluate specifically the impact of Brazil's foreign trade policies on income distribution, this volume uses a modified input-output technique to assess income distribution questions.
Myths and misconceptions about Brazil, the world's fifth largest and most populous country, are long-standing. Far from a sleeping giant, Brazil is the southern hemisphere's most important country. Entering its second decade of civilian constitutional government after a protracted period of military rule, it has also recently achieved sustained economic growth. Nevertheless, the nation's population of 157 million is divided by huge inequities in income and education, which are largely correlated with race, and crime rates have spiraled as a result of conflicts over land and resources.Ronald Schneider, a close observer of Brazilian society and politics for many decades, provides a comprehensive multidimensional portrait of this, Latin America's most complex country. He begins with an insightful description of its diverse regions and, then analyzes the historical processes of Brazil's development from the European encounter in 1500 to independence in 1822, the middle-class revolution in 1930, the military takeover in 1964, and the return to democracy after 1984. Schneider goes on to offer a detailed treatment of contemporary government and politics, including the 1994 elections. His closing chapters explore Brazil's rich cultural heritage and assess Brazil's place in the international arena.