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The U.S. government has long been concerned about the growing threat to U.S. interests from the proliferation of missiles, their components, and related technologies. These missiles can deliver chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons of mass destruction. In an effort to address these concerns, the United States has committed to work with other countries through the Missile Technology Control Regime to control the export of missile-related items. With the passage of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1991, the Congress amended existing export control statutes to strengthen missile-related export controls, consistent with the U.S. government's commitments to the Regime. Under the amended statutes, the Departments of Commerce and State share primary responsibility for controlling exports of Regime items. The Commerce Department is required to control Regime items that are dual-use (those having both military and civilian uses) on its export control list the Commerce Control List. All other Regime items are to be controlled by the State Department on its export control list the U.S. Munitions List.
The U.S. government has long been concerned about the growing threat to U.S. interests from the proliferation of missiles, their components, and related technologies. These missiles can deliver chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons of mass destruction. In an effort to address these concerns, the United States has committed to work with other countries through the Missile Technology Control Regime to control the export of missile-related items. With the passage of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1991, the Congress amended existing export control statutes to strengthen missile-related export controls, consistent with the U.S. government's commitments to the Regime. Under the amended statutes, the Departments of Commerce and State share primary responsibility for controlling exports of Regime items. The Commerce Department is required to control Regime items that are dual-use (those having both military and civilian uses) on its export control list the Commerce Control List. All other Regime items are to be controlled by the State Department on its export control list the U.S. Munitions List.
GAO-02-120 Export Controls: Clarification of Jurisdiction for Missile Technology Items Needed
Pursuant to a legislative requirement, GAO reviewed the Secretary of Commerce's report to Congress on the imposition of foreign policy controls on the export of missile equipment and technology related to nuclear weapons delivery systems. GAO found that the report: (1) complied with the statutory reporting requirements; (2) discussed the availability of controlled items from foreign sources; (3) focused on the countries participating in the control regime as the major suppliers; (4) did not include information on other countries with sophisticated missile capabilities that may be capable of undermining the controls; (5) did not present any information regarding the capability of several countries as suppliers of less sophisticated missile-related equipment and technology; and (6) stated that enforcing the controls would present no new problems, since most of the controlled items were already covered under arms export controls.