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First English translation of the classical work on the principles of physiological investigation in life sciences.
The French physiologist Claude Bernard was responisble for investigating the chemical phenomena of digestion. This text reproduces his research into experimental medicine. A new introduction looks at his impact on the world of medicine.
Among great men, Claude Bernard should be counted fortunate in that he has not become a mythical figure. Pasteur's discoveries are hardly more remarkable, though their immediate influence has been much greater, and his horizon was incontestably less broad. But Bernard remains a plain man, highly distinguished, but not obscured by the growth of a legend. His physiological researches may have immortalized his name, but Experimental Medicine never exerted the influence which it promised. What Bernard saw as the future of physiology remained for decades obscured, so his writings were only half understood. His influence, however, was exerted far beyond medicine. Stewart Wolf suggests that Claude Bernard's genius in physiological experimentation is similar to the extraordinary Sherlock Holmes' capacity to solve crimes and William Osler's uncanny abilities in clinical diagnosis. Like both of those creative searchers, Claude Bernard typically focused on findings that did not accord with prevailing theory. His curiosity led him to attempt to explain the finding by a tentative hypothesis; he would then devise an experiment. Although he sought for a quantitative result that might serve as a basis of a theory, he had little confidence in statistics as a guide to certainty. Bernard's opposition scientists' prevailing habit of segregating their inquiries into systems rather than studying the unified organism is particularly striking. This volume will be important for those in the medical field as well as those interested in the history of science.
NMR spectroscopy has undergone a revolution in recent years with the advent of several new methods overcoming the problems of sensitivity and resolution. Recent developments in biotechnology have made it easier and economical to introduce 13C, 15N and 2H into proteins and nucleic acids. At the same time, there has been an explosion in the number of NMR experiments that utilize such isotope labeled samples. Thus, a combination of isotopic labeling and multidimensional, multinuclear NMR has opened up new avenues for structural studies of proteins, nucleic acids and their complexes. This book will focus on recent developments in isotope labeling methods for structural studies of small molecules, peptides, proteins and nucleic acids. The aim of the book is to serve as a compendium of isotope labeling for the biomolecular NMR community providing comprehensive coverage of the existing methods and latest developments along with protocols and practical hints on the various experimental aspects. The book will cover a wide range of topics in isotope labeling under one title including emerging areas of metabolonomics and solid state NMR.
Originally published in 1963, this definitive textbook, written by pioneering Professor William S. Kroger’s, defined and shaped the field of hypnosis for over 20 years after its publication, and remains an authoritative text in its field to this day. Together with his seminars presented in association with the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis, Professor Kroger’s textbook changed the perception of hypnosis from being a novelty to a legitimate and respected medical option, and solidified his reputation as a leader in the field.
This book provides a comprehensive view of metabolomics, from the basic concepts, through sample preparation and analytical methodologies, to data interpretation and applications in medicine. It is the first volume to cover metabolomics clinical applications while also emphasizing analytical and statistical features. Moreover, future trends and perspectives in clinical metabolomics are also presented. For researches already experienced in metabolomics, the book will be useful as an updated definitive reference. For beginners in the field and graduate students, the book will provide detailed information about concepts and experimental aspects in metabolomics, as well as examples and perspectives of applications of this strategy to clinical questions.
Kisspeptin has been shown to be both necessary and sufficient for activation of the reproductive axis, during puberty and later in adulthood. This makes kisspeptin a fundamental component of the reproductive axis. Kisspeptin has been deemed the single most potent stimulator of GnRH neurons yet known. The importance of kisspeptin has been documented in humans as well as non-human animal models, ranging from monkeys, sheep, and rodents to numerous fish species, thus signifying a highly conserved nature of its reproductive function. Importantly, kisspeptin neurons seem to mediate many of the regulatory effects of other signals, whether they are metabolic, circadian, hormonal, or stress. This places kisspeptin neurons in a unique position to be key nodal points and conduits for conveying numerous endogenous and exogenous signals to the reproductive axis.
Social problems in many domains, including health, education, social relationships, and the workplace, have their origins in human behavior. The documented links between behavior and social problems have compelled governments and organizations to prioritize and mobilize efforts to develop effective, evidence-based means to promote adaptive behavior change. In recognition of this impetus, The Handbook of Behavior Change provides comprehensive coverage of contemporary theory, research, and practice on behavior change. It summarizes current evidence-based approaches to behavior change in chapters authored by leading theorists, researchers, and practitioners from multiple disciplines, including psychology, sociology, behavioral science, economics, philosophy, and implementation science. It is the go-to resource for researchers, students, practitioners, and policy makers looking for current knowledge on behavior change and guidance on how to develop effective interventions to change behavior.
Interest in the chemistry, biochemistry, and safety of acrylamide is running high. These proceedings contain presentations by experts from eight countries on the chemistry, analysis, metabolism, pharmacology, and toxicology of the compound.
This book represents the proceedings from a conference that took place in Dallas in the spring of 1999 which was entitled "Pediatric Gender Assignment - A Critical Reappraisal". Some participants rightfully argued that the conference really focused on the issue of pediatric gender assignment, and that reassignment was not applied in most cases. Their comments were reflected in the title of this monograph. This multidisciplinary meeting was sponsored by a conference grant from the National Institutes of Health, and a broad inquiry into this complex topic took place from many points of view. Basic scientists offered insight into mechanisms of sexual differentiation of the gonads, physical phenotype and imprinting of the central nervous system. Endocrinologists reviewed their experience in diagnosis and management, surgeons described traditional as well as innovative approaches, and there was strong representation from the ethical and behavioral sciences. In putting together such a panel, it was essential that we identify a cast of speakers who could address their viewpoints with strong convictions, and yet not let their passions render the meeting counter productive. We were not disappointed. While many differing points of view were firmly expressed by the panelists and audience, all viewpoints were accorded the respect they deserved. The concept behind the meeting and this book really originated in 1997 shortly after Diamond and Sigmundson published their long term follow up study of the John/Joan case.