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"Catalytic Microreactors for Portable Power Generation” addresses a problem of high relevance and increased complexity in energy technology. This thesis outlines an investigation into catalytic and gas-phase combustion characteristics in channel-flow, platinum-coated microreactors. The emphasis of the study is on microreactor/microturbine concepts for portable power generation and the fuels of interest are methane and propane. The author carefully describes numerical and experimental techniques, providing a new insight into the complex interactions between chemical kinetics and molecular transport processes, as well as giving the first detailed report of hetero-/homogeneous chemical reaction mechanisms for catalytic propane combustion. The outcome of this work will be widely applied to the industrial design of micro- and mesoscale combustors.
Recent advances in microfabrication technologies have enabled the development of entirely new classes of small-scale devices with applications in fields ranging from biomedicine, to wireless communication and computing, to reconnaissance, and to augmentation of human function. In many cases, however, what these devices can actually accomplish is limited by the low energy density of their energy storage and conversion systems. This breakthrough book brings together in one place the information necessary to develop the high energy density combustion-based power sources that will enable many of these devices to realize their full potential. Engineers and scientists working in energy-related fields will find: • An overview of the fundamental physics and phenomena of microscale combustion; • Presentations of the latest modeling and simulation techniques for gasphase and catalytic micro-reactors; • The latest results from experiments in small-scale liquid film, microtube, and porous combustors, micro-thrusters, and micro heat engines; • An assessment of the additional research necessary to develop compact and high energy density energy conversion systems that are truly practical.
Complex chemically reacting flow simulations are commonly employed to develop quantitative understanding and to optimize reaction conditions in systems such as combustion, catalysis, chemical vapor deposition, and other chemical processes. Although reaction conditions, geometries, and fluid flow can vary widely among the applications of chemically reacting flows, all applications share a need for accurate, detailed descriptions of the chemical kinetics occurring in the gas-phase or on reactive surfaces. Chemically Reacting Flow: Theory and Practice combines fundamental concepts in fluid mechanics and physical chemistry, assisting the student and practicing researcher in developing analytical and simulation skills that are useful and extendable for solving real-world engineering problems. The first several chapters introduce transport processes, primarily from a fluid-mechanics point of view, incorporating computational simulation from the outset. The middle section targets physical chemistry topics that are required to develop chemically reacting flow simulations, such as chemical thermodynamics, molecular transport, chemical rate theories, and reaction mechanisms. The final chapters deal with complex chemically reacting flow simulations, emphasizing combustion and materials processing. Among other features, Chemically Reacting Flow: Theory and Practice: -Advances a comprehensive approach to interweaving the fundamentals of chemical kinetics and fluid mechanics -Embraces computational simulation, equipping the reader with effective, practical tools for solving real-world problems -Emphasizes physical fundamentals, enabling the analyst to understand how reacting flow simulations achieve their results -Provides a valuable resource for scientists and engineers who use Chemkin or similar software Computer simulation of reactive systems is highly effective in the development, enhancement, and optimization of chemical processes. Chemically Reacting Flow helps prepare both students and professionals to take practical advantage of this powerful capability.
This volume discusses the theoretical fundamentals and potential applications of the original electro-Fenton (EF) process and its most innovative and promising versions, all of which are classified as electrochemical advanced oxidation processes. It consists of 15 chapters that review the latest advances and trends, material selection, reaction and reactor modeling and EF scale-up. It particularly focuses on the applications of EF process in the treatment of toxic and persistent organic pollutants in water and soil, showing highly efficient removal for both lab-scale and pre-pilot setups. Indeed, the EF technology is now mature enough to be brought to market, and this collection of contributions from leading experts in the field constitutes a timely milestone for scientists and engineers.
Urea-SCR Technology for deNOx After Treatment of Diesel Exhausts presents a complete overview of the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by ammonia/urea. The book starts with an illustration of the technology in the framework of the current context (legislation, market, system configurations), covers the fundamental aspects of the SCR process (catalysts, chemistry, mechanism, kinetics) and analyzes its application to useful topics such as modeling of full scale monolith catalysts, control aspects, ammonia injections systems and integration with other devices for combined removal of pollutants.
Chemical reaction engineering is concerned with the exploitation of chemical reactions on a commercial scale. It's goal is the successful design and operation of chemical reactors. This text emphasizes qualitative arguments, simple design methods, graphical procedures, and frequent comparison of capabilities of the major reactor types. Simple ideas are treated first, and are then extended to the more complex.
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on the Application of Natural Microporous Materials for Environmental Technology, Smolenice Castle, Slovakia, 26-30 October 1998
Interest in structured catalysts is steadily increasing due to the already proven, as well as potential, advantages of these catalysts. Updating the comprehensive coverage of the first edition published in 1998 with the latest science and applications, Structured Catalysts and Reactors, Second Edition gives detailed information on all aspect
Frank Handle ̈ 1.1 What to Expect For some time now, I have been toying around with the idea of writing a book about “Ceramic Extrusion”, because to my amazement I have been unable to locate a single existing, comprehensive rundown on the subject – much in contrast to, say, plastic extrusion and despite the fact that there are some outstanding contributions to be found about certain, individual topics, such as those in textbooks by Reed [1], Krause [2], Bender/Handle ̈ [3] et al. By way of analogy to Woody Allen’s wonderfully ironic movie entitled “Eve- thing You Always Wanted to Know about Sex”, I originally intended to call this book “Everything You Always Wanted to Know about Ceramic Extrusion”, but - ter giving it some extra thought, I eventually decided on a somewhat soberer title. Nevertheless, my companion writers and I have done our best – considering our target group and their motives – not to revert to the kind of jargon that people use when they think the less understandable it sounds, the more scienti c it appears. This book addresses all those who are looking for a lot or a little general or selective information about ceramic extrusion and its sundry aspects. We realize that most of our readers will not be perusing this book just for fun or out of intellectual curiosity, but because they hope to get some use out of it for their own endeavours.
Renewable Bioresources: scope and modification for non-food applications is the first text to consider the broad concept of renewable materials from the socio-economic aspects through to the chemical production and technical aspects of treating different raw products. The text sets the context of the renewables debate with key opening chapters on green chemistry, and the current situation of US and EU policy regarding sustainability and industrial waste. The quantitative and technical scope and production of renewable resources is then discussed with material looking at integral valorisation, the primary production of raw materials, downstream processing, and the identification of renewable crop materials. The latter part of the book concludes with a discussion on the uses for renewable materials such as carbohydrates, woods, fibres, biopolymers, lipids and proteins in different industrial applications, including a key chapter on the high value-added industries. Covers the broad concept of renewable resources from different points of view. Takes readers through the identification, production, processing and end-applications for renewable raw materials. Considers and compares EU and US renewable resources and sustainability objectives. Devotes one chapter to green chemistry and sustainability, focussing on the green industrial processes. This is an essential book for upper level undergraduates and Masters students taking modules on Renewable Resources, Green Chemistry, Sustainable Development, Environmental Science, Agricultural Science and Environmental Technology. It will also benefit industry professionals and product developers who are looking at improved economic and environmental means of utilising renewable materials.