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This report is an interim report resulting from case studies of pavement performance conducted by the U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station under contract order with the U.S. Army Forces Command. The purpose of this study was to determine if a stress-absorbing layer consisting of an asphalt-rubber membrane or a nonwoven fabric placed under a thin asphaltic concrete overlay (2 in. or less) will stop reflection cracking from occurring in the overlay. Field tests of two asphalt-rubber membrane formulations and three nonwoven fabrics were placed on roads and airfield pavements at five Army installations in various areas of the United States. This report covers the construction of the test areas and performance after a 6-month period. A final report will be prepared on the performance of each material after a number of years of annual inspections. (Author).
This report is the final report resulting from case studies of pavement performance conducted by the U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station as requested by the U.S. Army Forces Command, Fort McPherson, Ga. The purpose of this study was to determine if a layer consisting of an asphalt-rubber membrane or a nonwoven fabric placed under a thin asphaltic concrete overlay (2 in. or less) will stop reflection cracking from occurring in the overlay. Field tests of two asphalt-rubber membrane formulations and three nonwoven fabrics were placed on roads and airfield pavements at five Army installations in various areas of the United States. The initial report covered the actual construction and performance of the materials for a period of 6 months after construction. This report covers the performance of the materials after a period of from 3 to 4 years, during which annual inspections were made. The results of the field tests indicate that in a cold environment the use of these membranes does not prevent or retard reflection cracking from occurring. The asphalt-rubber material was not evaluated over a long enough period of time in a warm climate to determine if reflection cracking was sufficiently prevented or retarded to warrant use of this material. (Author).
Section 1038 of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) contains provisions for each State to begin incorporating scrap tire rubber into their asphalt paving materials. A workshop was developed through the cooperation of highway agencies and the asphalt industry to discuss present procedures and practices for designing and constructing asphalt pavements which incorporate scrap tire rubber (crumb rubber modifier). These workshop notes were prepared from the proceedings of the 13 workshop sessions.
This synthesis on the use of recycled rubber tires in highways will be of interest to administrators and policy-makers; pavement, materials, geotechnical, environmental, and traffic operations engineers; and research engineers involved with highway design and construction issues. Information is provided on the uses of rubber tires in asphalt paving materials as well as other uses, such as on fills and embankments, for erosion control and on railroad grade crossings. Specifically, information is included which identifies the agencies using or implementing applications for recycled rubber tires and defines the design parameters, technical and construction limitations, performance, costs, benefits, environmental limitations, specifications, and availability. This synthesis of information defines the use of recycled rubber tires in highways and is based on a review of nearly 500 references and on information recorded from state highway agency responses to a 1991 survey of practice. Updates are included for as much of the state practice information possible through 1993. The use of scrap tires for highway applications is dynamic with regard to policy and technical issues. Therefore, the reader should keep in mind that the information presented reflects the best available data at a particular time. The synthesis also identifies current research in the topic area, critical research needs, and legislative issues that affect application and use of recycled rubber tires.