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Method for predicting attitude of passive gravity stabilized satellite.
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
The attitude of a satellite refers to the rotational orientation of the spacecraft relative to some reference triad of Cartesian axes (these being, for the type of spacecraft treated here, the orbit radius vector, the normal-to-the-orbit plane, and the vector cross product of the two). Mathematically, the attitude is usually represented by nine direction cosines and/or three Euler angles. The numerical determination of these parameters is the objective of attitude estimation. Various schemes have been developed and used by the Applied Physical Laboratory to determine the attitude performance of its satellites. In recent years, a least-squares technique that involves eigenvalue and eigenvector computation has been added. This report presents the formulation of the technique and discusses its successful application. Attitude estimation results from three orbiting spacecraft are included. (Author).
The satellite 1963 22A was successfully captured into a condition of passive, gravity-gradient stabilization. All elements of the stabilization system, including magnetic dispin, magnetic orientation devices, the extendible boom, the damping spring, and the attitude detection system performed satisfactorily. An unexpected high frequency oscillation of the boom and satellite system was observed which was most probably a dynamic effect resulting from thermal bending. This has caused the satellite to stabilize with a maximum deviation off the vertical of approximately 10 degrees. The objective of the gravity-gradient stabilization for the 22A satellite was to have the antennas directed downward within 20 degrees of the local vertical at all times. This objective has been successfully accomplished by the satellite's passive gravity-gradient attitude stabilization system. (Author).
This book explores CubeSat technology, and develops a nonlinear mathematical model of a spacecraft with the assumption that the satellite is a rigid body. It places emphasis on the CubeSat subsystem, orbit dynamics and perturbations, the satellite attitude dynamic and modeling, and components of attitude determination and the control subsystem. The book focuses on the attitude stabilization methods of spacecraft, and presents gravity gradient stabilization, aerodynamic stabilization, and permanent magnets stabilization as passive stabilization methods, and spin stabilization and three axis stabilization as active stabilization methods. It also discusses the need to develop a control system design, and describes the design of three controller configurations, namely the Proportional–Integral–Derivative Controller (PID), the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), and the Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and how they can be used to design the attitude control of CubeSat three-axis stabilization. Furthermore, it presents the design of a suitable attitude stabilization system by combining gravity gradient stabilization with magnetic torquing, and the design of magnetic coils which can be added in order to improve the accuracy of attitude stabilization. The book then investigates, simulates, and compares possible controller configurations that can be used to control the currents of magnetic coils when magnetic coils behave as the actuator of the system.