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Dredged Material and Mine Tailings are two of the same thing once they are deposited on land: they must be safe-guarded, wash-out must be prevented, and they must be protected by a plantcover. This comprehensive two-volume treatise covers both important aspects of their management: Environmental Management of Solid Waste turns to the practical applications, such as prediction, restoration and management, while in Chemistry and Biology of Solid Waste the principles and assessment are scientifically studied and discussed. Previously, dredged material was a commodity, it could be sold as soil, e. g. to gardeners. In the meantime, dredged material from the North Sea (e.g. the Rotterdam or Amsterdam harbor) must be treated as hazardous waste. Many environmentalists, managers and companies do not know how to solve the inherent problems. This new work deals with the chemical, physical and biological principles; the biological and geochemical assessment; the prediction of effects and treatment; and finally, with restoration and revegetation. It is written by many leading scientists in the various fields, and will prove invaluable for managers and politicians who are concerned with the present environmental situation.
Solid waste was already a problem long before water and air pollution issues attracted public attention. Historically the problem associated with solid waste can be dated back to prehistoric days. Due to the invention of new products, technologies and services the quantity and quality of the waste have changed over the years. Waste characteristics not only depend on income, culture and geography but also on a society's economy and, situations like disasters that affect that economy. There was tremendous industrial activity in Europe during the industrial revolution. The twentieth century is recognized as the American Century and the twenty-first century is recognized as the Asian Century in which everyone wants to earn ‘as much as possible’. After Asia the currently developing Africa could next take the center stage. With transitions in their economies many countries have also witnessed an explosion of waste quantities. Solid waste problems and approaches to tackling them vary from country to country. For example, while efforts are made to collect and dispose hospital waste through separate mechanisms in India it is burnt together with municipal solid waste in Sweden. While trans-boundary movement of waste has been addressed in numerous international agreements, it still reaches developing countries in many forms. While thousands of people depend on waste for their livelihood throughout the world, many others face problems due to poor waste management. In this context solid waste has not remained an issue to be tackled by the local urban bodies alone. It has become a subject of importance for engineers as well as doctors, psychologist, economists, and climate scientists and any others. There are huge changes in waste management in different parts of the world at different times in history. To address these issues, an effort has been made by the authors to combine their experience and bring together a new text book on the theory and practice of the subject covering the important relevant literature at the same time.
Solid waste management issues are a highly emotive topic. Disposal costs need to be balanced against environmental impact, which often results in heated public debate. Disposal options such as incineration and landfill, whilst unpopular with both the public and environmental pressure groups, do not pose the same environmental and health risks as, for example, recycling plants. This book, written by international experts, discusses the various waste disposal options that are available (landfill, incineration, composting, recycling) and then reviews their impact on the environment, and particularly on human health. Comprehensive and highly topical, Environmental and Health Impact of Solid Waste Management Activities will make a strong contribution to scientific knowledge in the area, and will be of value to scientists and policy-makers in particular.
The Globe We Live In Have Two Types Of Environments, One Is Natural Environment Of Air, Soil, Water, Hills, Trees (Abiotic), Etc., And The Other One Is Plant, Animals (Biotic), Etc., Which Is To Called Social Environment. Man Has Managed To Create Comfortable Habitat, Using Science And Technology, Religion And Politics. In Fact Both The Environments Are Lively And Lovely. But With Comfort Comes Propagation, The Biological Growth Qualitative And Quantitative, Resulting In Unhealthy By- Products, Which Are In The Form Of Solid, Liquid And Gaseous. Soon We Find Our Paradise Is Transformed Into Inferno By Our Own Activities.This Text Is The Story Of Such Human Behaviour, Its Enormity, And A Modest Gesture To Think How To Avoid Catastrophe. It Is The Awareness Of The Undesirable Changes Occurring Around Us That Has Led To The Study Of Pollution Of Different Kinds. Abiotic Industrial Residues On The Other Hand May Not Be Of Immediate Hazard To Animal Life But Pose Eco Incompatibility In The Time Scale. The Legislation Is There And Is Desirable To Limit The Proliferation Of Solid Waste Out Of Bounds. But No Amount Of Legislation Is Enough Until The Public Awareness And Feeling For Fellowmen Are Not There To Improve The Quality Of Life.Though Management Is The Final Aim Of This Story, In The First Chapter We Will Try To Identify Different Aspects Of Environment Where We Live. The Next Three Chapters Are Based On Different Environmental Resources Of The Solid Wastes, Their Nature And Classification, Their Common Ways Of Treatment. Possibilities Of Reuse, Recovery And Recycling In Some Cases Will Also Be Discussed. The Financial And Economic Aspect Of The Same Is Presented In Chapter Five. In The Sixth Chapter, We Will Look Forward To Public Awareness And Participation In The Abatement And Management Aspect Of The Solid Waste Problems. The Concluding Seventh Chapter Will Have The Optimization System, Analysis And The Planning Aspect Of The Entire Subject.
This Guide has been developed particularly for solid waste management practitioners, such as local government officials, facility owners and operators, consultants, and regulatory agency specialists. Contains technical and economic information to help these practitioners meet the daily challenges of planning, managing, and operating municipal solid waste (MSW) programs and facilities. The Guide's primary goals are to encourage reduction of waste at the source and to foster implementation of integrated solid waste management systems that are cost-effective and protect human health and the environment. Illustrated.
Solid Wastes Management begins with a focus on processing municipal and similar commercial, as well as industrial wastes; assessing and minimising the environmental impacts of processing and disposal. The second section reviews the treatment technologies available (physical, biological and thermal), their advantages, disadvantages and environmental performance. The third section considers the environmental and health impacts of the technologies and reviews the use of models to predict landfill leachate, gas formation and pollution dispersion. The fourth section is on the human health impact of waste management and draws on the previous sections, bringing in pollutants such as bioaerosols and ultra-fine particulate material. In the fifth and sixth sections, the importance of adopting an integrated approach to waste management is demonstrated through consideration of life cycle assessment and its use to determine optimum waste management solutions. Discover our e-book series on Environmental Monitoring and Protection, published in partnership with The Open University! Find out more about the series editors, the titles in the series and their focus on water, noise, air and waste, and The Open University courses in Environmental Management. Visit www.wiley.com/go/ouebookseries
This book presents the application of system analysis techniques with case studies to help readers learn how the techniques can be applied, how the problems are solved, and which sustainable management strategies can be reached.
Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2014 in the subject Environmental Sciences, grade: 2:1, , language: English, abstract: Different scientific studies claim that solid waste has had diverse effects on both the natural environment and human society. Besides, lack of plausible solid waste handling systems is as well postulated to be a major challenge, mainly in developing countries. For instance, the waste handling systems found in Kigali, Rwanda, are substandard compared to those highlighted by different studies in developed countries such as Sweden and USA. In general, municipal authorities and other private companies, mainly in Rwanda, are keen to keep streets and some suburbs clean with the help of open landfill disposal system. They often collect and dump solid waste, mixed of organic and inorganic materials to the only municipal dump site located at Nyanza Hill in the outskirts of Kigali City. The exploratory study conducted in Kigali, Rwanda tested the plausibility of briquetting, composting, incineration, cullet pulverisation, and plasma pyrolysis systems to handle solid waste. The study started with the review of various literatures on solid waste management, and thereafter surveyed 400 residents of Kigali City for their opinions. Computer software Web-Hipre was used to analyze public opinions on the five systems to handle solid waste. The results indicate briquetting as the optimal system to handle solid waste in Kigali City. Composting considered suboptimal; incineration, plasma pyrolysis, and cullet pulverisation systems were not considered.
Since the 1992 World Summit in Rio de Janeiro, the waste management industry has made significant technological and managerial contributions to the protection of the environment. This document summarizes contributions from a number of International Solid Waste Association (ISWA) national members. It clearly shows the significant change of the role of waste management from dealing with wastes to the new task of managing our society's metabolism.