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Energy Optimization in Process Systems and Fuel Cells, Second Edition covers the optimization and integration of energy systems, with a particular focus on fuel cell technology. With rising energy prices, imminent energy shortages, and increasing environmental impacts of energy production, energy optimization and systems integration is critically important. The book applies thermodynamics, kinetics and economics to study the effect of equipment size, environmental parameters, and economic factors on optimal power production and heat integration. Author Stanislaw Sieniutycz, highly recognized for his expertise and teaching, shows how costs can be substantially reduced, particularly in utilities common in the chemical industry. This second edition contains substantial revisions, with particular focus on the rapid progress in the field of fuel cells, related energy theory, and recent advances in the optimization and control of fuel cell systems. - New information on fuel cell theory, combined with the theory of flow energy systems, broadens the scope and usefulness of the book - Discusses engineering applications including power generation, resource upgrading, radiation conversion, and chemical transformation in static and dynamic systems - Contains practical applications of optimization methods that help solve the problems of power maximization and optimal use of energy and resources in chemical, mechanical, and environmental engineering
Despite the vast research on energy optimization and process integration, there has to date been no synthesis linking these together. This book fills the gap, presenting optimization and integration in energy and process engineering. The content is based on the current literature and includes novel approaches developed by the authors. Various thermal and chemical systems (heat and mass exchangers, thermal and water networks, energy converters, recovery units, solar collectors, and separators) are considered. Thermodynamics, kinetics and economics are used to formulate and solve problems with constraints on process rates, equipment size, environmental parameters, and costs. Comprehensive coverage of dynamic optimization of energy conversion systems and separation units is provided along with suitable computational algorithms for deterministic and stochastic optimization approaches based on: nonlinear programming, dynamic programming, variational calculus, Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman theory, Pontryagin's maximum principles, and special methods of process integration. Integration of heat energy and process water within a total site is shown to be a significant factor reducing production costs, in particular costs of utilities for the chemical industry. This integration involves systematic design and optimization of heat exchangers and water networks (HEN and WN). After presenting basic, insight-based Pinch Technology, systematic, optimization-based sequential and simultaneous approaches to design HEN and WN are described. Special consideration is given to the HEN design problem targeting stage, in view of its importance at various levels of system design. Selected, advanced methods for HEN synthesis and retrofit are presented. For WN design a novel approach based on stochastic optimization is described that accounts for both grassroot and revamp design scenarios. - Presents a unique synthesis of energy optimization and process integration that applies scientific information from thermodynamics, kinetics, and systems theory - Discusses engineering applications including power generation, resource upgrading, radiation conversion and chemical transformation, in static and dynamic systems - Clarifies how to identify thermal and chemical constraints and incorporate them into optimization models and solutions
"Energy Optimization in Process Systems and Fuel Cells, Second Edition" covers the optimization and integration of energy systems, with a particular focus on fuel cell technology. With rising energy prices, imminent energy shortages, and increasing environmental impacts of energy production, energy optimization and systems integration is critically important. The book applies thermodynamics, kinetics and economics to study the effect of equipment size, environmental parameters, and economic factors on optimal power production and heat integration. Author Stanislaw Sieniutycz, highly recognized for his expertise and teaching, shows how costs can be substantially reduced, particularly in utilities common in the chemical industry. This second edition contains substantial revisions, with particular focus on the rapid progress in the field of fuel cells, related energy theory, and recent advances in the optimization and control of fuel cell systems. New information on fuel cell theory, combined with the theory of flow energy systems, broadens the scope and usefulness of the bookDiscusses engineering applications including power generation, resource upgrading, radiation conversion, and chemical transformation in static and dynamic systemsContains practical applications of optimization methods that help solve the problems of power maximization and optimal use of energy and resources in chemical, mechanical, and environmental engineering
An essential resource for optimizing energy systems to enhance design capability, performance and sustainability Optimization of Energy Systems comprehensively describes the thermodynamic modelling, analysis and optimization of numerous types of energy systems in various applications. It provides a new understanding of the system and the process of defining proper objective functions for determination of the most suitable design parameters for achieving enhanced efficiency, cost effectiveness and sustainability. Beginning with a general summary of thermodynamics, optimization techniques and optimization methods for thermal components, the book goes on to describe how to determine the most appropriate design parameters for more complex energy systems using various optimization methods. The results of each chapter provide potential tools for design, analysis, performance improvement, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction. Key features: Comprehensive coverage of the modelling, analysis and optimization of many energy systems for a variety of applications. Examples, practical applications and case studies to put theory into practice. Study problems at the end of each chapter that foster critical thinking and skill development. Written in an easy-to-follow style, starting with simple systems and moving to advanced energy systems and their complexities. A unique resource for understanding cutting-edge research in the thermodynamic analysis and optimization of a wide range of energy systems, Optimization of Energy Systems is suitable for graduate and senior undergraduate students, researchers, engineers, practitioners, and scientists in the area of energy systems.
Fuel cells are attractive electrochemical energy converters featuring potentially very high thermodynamic efficiency factors. The focus of this volume of Advances in Chemical Engineering is on quantitative approaches, particularly based on chemical engineering principles, to analyze, control and optimize the steady state and dynamic behavior of low and high temperature fuel cells (PEMFC, DMFC, SOFC) to be applied in mobile and stationary systems. - Updates and informs the reader on the latest research findings using original reviews - Written by leading industry experts and scholars - Reviews and analyzes developments in the field
Energy costs impact the profitability of virtually all industrial processes. Stressing how plants use power, and how that power is actually generated, this book provides a clear and simple way to understand the energy usage in various processes, as well as methods for optimizing these processes using practical hands-on simulations and a unique approach that details solved problems utilizing actual plant data. Invaluable information offers a complete energy-saving approach essential for both the chemical and mechanical engineering curricula, as well as for practicing engineers.
This book is a compilation of the various recently developed techniques emphasizing better chemical processes and products, with state-of-the-art contributions by world-renowned leaders in process design and optimization. It covers various areas such as grass-roots design, retrofitting, continuous and batch processing, energy efficiency, separations, and pollution prevention, striking a balance between fundamental techniques and applications. The book also contains industrial applications and will serve as a good compilation of recent industrial experience for which the process design and optimization techniques were applied to enhance sustainability. Academic researchers and industrial practitioners will find this book useful as a review of systematic approaches and best practices in sustainable design and optimization of industrial processes. The book is accompanied by some electronic supplements (i.e., models and programs) for selected chapters.
A unique electrical engineering approach to alternative sources ofenergy Unlike other books that deal with alternative sources of energyfrom a mechanical point of view, Integration of Alternative Sourcesof Energy takes an electrical engineering perspective. Moreover,the authors examine the full spectrum of alternative and renewableenergy with the goal of developing viable methods of integratingenergy sources and storage efficiently. Readers become thoroughlyconversant with the principles, possibilities, and limits ofalternative and renewable energy. The book begins with a general introduction and then reviewsprinciples of thermodynamics. Next, the authors explore both commonand up-and-coming alternative energy sources, including hydro,wind, solar, photovoltaic, thermosolar, fuel cells, and biomass.Following that are discussions of microturbines and inductiongenerators, as well as a special chapter dedicated to energystorage systems. After setting forth the fundamentals, the authorsfocus on how to integrate the various energy sources for electricalpower production. Discussions related to system operation,maintenance, and management, as well as standards forinterconnection, are also set forth. Throughout the book, diagrams are provided to demonstrate theelectrical operation of all the systems that are presented. Inaddition, extensive use of examples helps readers better grasp howintegration of alternative energy sources can beaccomplished. The final chapter gives readers the opportunity to learn about theHOMER Micropower Optimization Model. This computer model, developedby the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), assists in thedesign of micropower systems and facilitates comparisons of powergeneration techniques. Readers can download the software from theNREL Web site. This book is a must-read for engineers, consultants, regulators,and environmentalists involved in energy production and delivery,helping them evaluate alternative energy sources and integrate theminto an efficient energy delivery system. It is also a superiortextbook for upper-level undergraduates and graduate students.
The book will highlight major trends and developments in the field of microbial fuels, with contributions from a number of highly experienced researchers. It will serve as a comprehensive reference for industrial stakeholders, scientists, researchers and graduate students interested in microbial fuels. The aims of this work are to present the technologies and perspectives taking into account different socio-economical contexts. A specific chapter will focus on the general perspectives of microbial fuels for low-income and emerging countries.
14th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering, Volume 49 brings together the international community of researchers and engineers interested in computing-based methods in process engineering. The conference highlights the contributions of the PSE community towards the sustainability of modern society and is based on the 2021 event held in Tokyo, Japan, July 1-23, 2021. It contains contributions from academia and industry, establishing the core products of PSE, defining the new and changing scope of our results, and covering future challenges. Plenary and keynote lectures discuss real-world challenges (globalization, energy, environment and health) and contribute to discussions on the widening scope of PSE versus the consolidation of the core topics of PSE. - Highlights how the Process Systems Engineering community contributes to the sustainability of modern society - Establishes the core products of Process Systems Engineering - Defines the future challenges of Process Systems Engineering