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The survey provides estimates of manufacturers' expenditures for selected supplementary pay practices in 1959. It indicates the level of such expenditures and forms the base for future estimates of trends. The data, however, relate only to selected practices, and only to production and related workers. The collection of data was limited to those practices that were both widely found among manufacturing establishments and were measurable. Both conditions were necessary. For example, although rest periods appear to be common in American industry, the practice is largely informal even where formal collective bargaining contracts exist. Since provisions for these rest periods are often not a matter of record, the difficulties of measurement alone made them impractical for inclusion in this survey. Among other practices omitted were stock bonus plans, which are not only difficult to measure in terms of expenditures but also are not very common. Thus, the survey should not be assumed to include all supplementary pay expenditures. Despite the limitations imposed by this decision, the selected items are believed to represent an extremely high proportion of all such expenditures for manufacturing as a whole. Nevertheless, it must also be recognized that the items not surveyed may be important in some individual plants.
Originally published in 1965, this book is concerned with an important yet neglected part of economic life ‘fringe benefits’ which employers provide for and on behalf of their employees apart from wages and salaries. The book sets out results of an inquiry into the costs of supplementary labour costs for manual workers, with an account of the various influences which help to explain differences in expenditure by different firms. The book then gives comparative figures for Western European countries and considers some of the economic effects of the European levels of supplementary labour costs. The situation in the USA is discussed, as is the relationship of employer-financed welfare schemes and State social security programmes. Chapters on pensions, sick pay and redundancy payments are included as well as those dealing with the history of paid holidays and subsidized welfare facilities such as canteens.
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