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This brief is the result of the research the author has performed in recent years covering electrical fluctuations in numerous systems, including molecular electrical fluctuations, ionic fluctuations, ionic dielectric relaxation, spherical and cylindrical polyelectrolytes, ionic polarizability in polyelectrolytes, pH fluctuation in vesicles and electrical fluctuations in proteins. The importance of estimating electrical fluctuations resides in its richness of information and omnipresence in biological systems. In order to understand how these systems work it is vital to know the magnitude of their electrical fluctuations. Electromagnetic fluctuations are the origin of London (Van der Waals) forces between molecules, and Lifshitz forces between macro objects. Protonic fluctuations are the origin of Kirkwood and Shumaker forces between molecules and pH fluctuations. Furthermore, protonic fluctuations could be the cause of the dielectric increment of proteins in solution. Local electrical fluctuations can influence chemical reactions and so on. This book addresses the interplay of these pervasive phenomena. .
An examination of the fundamental nature of polyelectrolytes, static and dynamic properties of salt-free and salt-added solutions, and interactions with other charged and neutral species at interfaces with applications to industry and medicine. It applies the Metropolis Monte Carlo simulation to calculate counterion distributions, electric potentia
This book contains a number of articles inspired by the NATO Advanced Study Institute on 'Charged and Reactive Polymers l' held in France in June 1972. This general title indicates simply the intention of a series. The meeting dealt mainly with the fundamental problems of the physical chemistry of polyelectrolytes in solution. Some of the articles reproduce the lectures exactly as they were delivered. Some others have been modified to a greater or lesser extent, and this as a result of improvements or new inspiration arising from comments and discussions. In previous larger conferences on macromolecules, polyelectrolytes constituted only a marginal problem and few were the individual communications or short was the time al10tted to this subject. In other meetings of a biophysical character the uses of the techniques of charged macromolecules have been exposed with less attention given to the theories or to the creation or interpretation of these techniques. AU of us felt that the time had come to enumerate and to evaluate this increasing science of polyelectrolytes which has become of major interest. During the whole period of the Institute physical chemists discussed their mutual problems for more than a week, and of ten far into the night! One of the advantages of such an Institute is to enable the Directors and the mem bers of the Scientific Committee to establish a logical order in the lectures; this order has been respected in the present edition.
This comprehensive reference collects fundamental theories and recent research from a wide range of fields including biology, biochemistry, physics, applied mathematics, and computer, materials, surface, and colloid science-providing key references, tools, and analytical techniques for practical applications in industrial, agricultural, and forensic processes, as well as in the production of natural and synthetic compounds such as foods, minerals, paints, proteins, pharmaceuticals, polymers, and soaps.
. Despite their capacity to carry out functions that previously were unobtainable, smart polymers and hydrogels tend to have painfully slow response times. On the other hand biological systems go through phase changes at an extremely fast rate. Reflexive Polymers and Hydrogels examines the natural systems that respond almost instantaneously to envi
Publishes papers that report results of research in statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics. There are sections on (1) methods of statistical physics, (2) classical fluids, (3) liquid crystals, (4) diffusion-limited aggregation, and dendritic growth, (5) biological physics, (6) plasma physics, (7) physics of beams, (8) classical physics, including nonlinear media, and (9) computational physics.
Molecular and Colloidal Electro-Optics presents cohesive coverage from internationally recognized experts on new approaches and developments in both theoretical and experimental areas of electro-optic science. It comprises a well-integrated yet multi-disciplinary treatment of fundamental principles, strategies, and applications of electro-op
This book offers a valuable reference source to graduate and post graduate students, engineering students, research scholars polymer engineers from industry. The book provides the reader with current developments of theoretical models describing the thermodynamics polyelectrolytes as well as experimental findings. A particular emphasis is put on the rheological description of polyelectrolyte solutions and hydrogels.
Nanotechnology can be used to address challenges faced by the food and bioprocessing industries for developing and implementing improved or novel systems that can produce safer, nutritious, healthier, sustainable, and environmental-friendly food products. This book overviews the most recent advances made on the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology that significantly influenced the food industry. Advances in Processing Technologies for Bio-Based Nanosystems in Food provides a multidisciplinary review of the complex mechanisms involved in the research, development, production and legislation of food containing nanostructures systems. Features: Presents the most recent advances made in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology as applied to the food industry Discusses innovative approaches and processing technologies Shows how nanotechnology can be used to produce safer, nutritious, healthier, sustainable and environmental-friendly food products Covers the complex mechanisms involved in the research, development, production and legislation of food containing nanostructures Selected examples of nanotechnology applications in food industry are shown, focusing on advanced aspects of food packaging, processing and preservation; followed by one contribution that presents the potential commercialization and the main challenges for scale-up. Comprised of 15 chapters, this book provides much-needed and up-to-date information on the use of emergent technologies in bio-based nanosystems for foods, and serves as an ideal reference for scientists, regulators, industrialists, and consumers that conduct research and development in the food processing industry.