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Viscous computational fluid dynamic simulations were used to predict the aerodynamic coefficients and flow field around a canard-controlled missile in subsonic and transonic flow. Computations were performed at Mach 0.6 and 0.9, six angles of attack between 0 deg and 10 deg, and with planar and grid tail fins. The computations were validated with wind tunnel data. Flow visualizations showed that the canard downwash produced a low-pressure region on the starboard side of the missile that produced a large induced side force. The canard trailing vortices interacted with the tail fins until alpha> 8 deg, producing a pressure differential on the leeward tail fin, leading to the adverse induced roll effects. Visualizations of the flow through the grid fin structure showed choking of the flow at Mach 0.9 and Mach 1.5. The validated simulations results showed that grid fins did not improve the canard roll-control effectiveness at subsonic and transonic speeds as well as they did at the low supersonic speed.
Abstract: A wind-tunnel investigation has been performed at low supersonic speeds (at Mach numbers of 1.60, 1.90, and 2.16) to evaluate the aerodynamic characteristics of a missile concept capable of being tube launched and controlled with a simple one-axis canard controller. This concept, which features and axisymmetric body with two planar canards and four wraparound tail fins arranged in opposing pairs, must be in rolling motion to be controllable in any radial plane with the planar canards. Thus, producing a constant rolling moment that is invariant with speed and attitude to provide the motion is desirable. Two tail-fin shaping designs, one shaved and one beveled, were evaluated for their efficiency in producing the needed rolling moments, and the results showed that the shaved fins were much more desirable for this task than the beveled fins.