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The fall of the Berlin Wall has allowed the United Nations to intervene more aggressively in international affairs, including the imposition of mandatory economic sanctions nine times compared to just twice prior to 1990. The second edition of the Institute's influential study on economic sanctions in 1990 thoroughly updated the first one to address these new developments arising from the end of the Cold War and the increasing globalization of the world economy. Now, a new third edition of the study chronicles and examines 170 cases of economic sanctions imposed since World War I. Fifty of these cases were launched in the 1990s and are new to the third edition. Examples of the case studies may be found on the Institute's website (www.iie.com). Analyzing a range of economic and political factors that can influence the success of a sanctions episode, the authors distill a set of "commandments" to guide policymakers in the effective use of sanctions. The study will be published in two parts: Economic Sanctions Reconsidered: History and Current Policy summarizing the analysis and outlining the policy recommendations; and Economic Sanctions Reconsidered: Case Histories, a supplemental CD-ROM containing the case studies. The CD-ROM is not sold separately.
Economic sanctions continue to play an important role in the response to terrorism, nuclear proliferation, military conflicts, and other foreign policy crises. But poor design and implementation of sanctions policies often mean that they fall short of their desired effects. This landmark study, first published in 1985, delves into the rich experience of sanctions in the 20th century to harvest lessons on how to use sanctions more effectively. This volume is the updated third edition of this widely cited study. It chronicles and examines 170 cases of economic sanctions imposed since World War I. Fifty of these cases were launched in the 1990s and are new to this edition. Special attention is paid to new developments arising from the end of the Cold War and increasing globalization of the world economy. Analyzing a range of economic and political factors that can influence the success of a sanctions episode, the authors distill a set of commandments to guide policymakers in the effective use of sanctions.
The Scourging of Iraq describes the impact of the 1991 Gulf War and subsequent economic sanctions on the Iraqi people. Evidence is presented to show that food and medicine are being denied to the civilian population, and that this involves a gross violation of the 1977 Protocol 1 addition to the 1949 Geneva Convention, which includes the words: 'Starvation of civilians as a method of warfare is prohibited'. Sanctions are considered in a historical, political and legal context, with particular attention to how the economic blockade may be seen as a criminal violation of UN resolutions and the UN Genocide Convention.